Skin diseases in Guiana dolphins (Sotalia guianensis) from the Paranaguá estuary, Brazil: A possible indicator of a compromised marine environment

Bressem, M.-F. Van; Santos, M. A. L.; Oshima, Júlia Emi de Faria

doi:10.1016/j.marenvres.2008.11.002

Cited by 64 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Until recently, LLD and lobomycosis had been mostly observed in large, presumably adult specimens. A Sotalia guianensis calf from the Paranaguá estuary, Brazil, had limited LLD in 2007 (Van Bressem et al 2009), whereas the one observed during the present study had extensive lesions and disappeared 1 yr after being observed with LLD. His infected mother was likely the source of infection.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…Lobomycosis in Delphinidae is characterized by grayish, whitish to slightly pink, verrucuous lesions, which are often raised and may ulcerate and form plaques that sometimes reach more than 30 cm in their broadest dimen-sion (Migaki et al 1971. In South America, a disease very similar to lobomycosis, but for which a histological diagnostic is missing, was recently reported in coastal T. truncatus from Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil as well as in S. guianensis from the Paranaguá estuary, Brazil (Van Bressem et al 2007, 2009, Moreno et al 2008). Lobomycosis and lobomycosis-like disease (LLD) have been mostly observed in tropical and equatorial areas, such as Florida and Texas in the US and Peru, Ecuador, Columbia, Venezuela, Surinam and Brazil in South America.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…They may be caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoans and appear to be occurring more frequently in recent years . Their emergence and severity seem, in some cases, to be related to natural and anthropogenic factors such as water quality degradation and inland water inputs (Wilson et al 1999, Reif et al 2006, Van Bressem et al 2007, 2009.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lobomycosis-like disease and other skin conditions in Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins Tursiops aduncus from the Indian Ocean

Kiszka¹,

Bressem²,

Pusineri³

2009

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Lobomycosis is a chronic mycotic disease of the skin and subdermal tissues caused by the yeast-like organism Lacazia loboi, which affects humans and Delphinidae. Cases of lobomycosis and lobomycosis-like disease (LLD), a disease very similar to lobomycosis but for which a histological diagnostic is missing, have been reported in small cetaceans from the Americas and Europe. Here we report on LLD in Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins Tursiops aduncus from the tropical lagoon of Mayotte, between Mozambique and Madagascar. From July 2004 to June 2008, boat surveys were conducted in Mayotte waters. At least 71 adult dolphins were photo-identified. Six (5 males, 1 female) had multiple raised, greyish nodules on the dorsal fin, head, flanks, belly, back and tailstock that suggested LLD. The lesions were extensive in some cases. The calf of the positive female was also affected. LLD has been present in this community since at least 1999. As sampling was not possible, the aetiology of the disease could not be explored. The emergence of LLD in Mayotte may be related to degradation of the coastal environment associated with rapid urbanization, expanding agriculture and increased release of untreated freshwater runoffs. Other skin lesions included scars, healing wounds, whitish lesions and lumps.KEY WORDS: Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin · Tursiops aduncus · Skin diseases · Lobomycosis · Mayotte · Indian Ocean Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 84: [151][152][153][154][155][156][157] 2009 sion (Migaki et al. 1971. In South America, a disease very similar to lobomycosis, but for which a histological diagnostic is missing, was recently reported in coastal T. truncatus from Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Brazil as well as in S. guianensis from the Paranaguá estuary, Brazil (Van Bressem et al. 2007, 2009, Moreno et al. 2008). Lobomycosis and lobomycosis-like disease (LLD) have been mostly observed in tropical and equatorial areas, such as Florida and Texas in the US and Peru, Ecuador, Columbia, Venezuela, Surinam and Brazil in South America. The habitat of the pathogen is believed to be aquatic or associated with soil and vegetation. T. truncatus from the Indian River Lagoon, Florida, affected by lobomycosis, were found to have a significant impairment in adaptive immunity possibly related to chronic exposure to environmental stressors ). The T. truncatus communities from South America presenting LLD inhabited biologically and chemically polluted waters surrounding large ports and cities (Van Bressem et al. 2007).The Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin Tursiops aduncus is only found in the warm temperate to tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean, from South Africa in the west to southern Japan and central Australia in the east (Jefferson et al. 2008). It is the second most common cetacean species in the coastal waters of the inner lagoon of Mayotte (Comoros archipelago, northeast Mozambique Channel, SW Indian Ocean; Kiszka et al. 2007). Recent investigations have indicated that...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lobomycosis-like disease and other skin conditions in Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins Tursiops aduncus from the Indian Ocean

Kiszka¹,

Bressem²,

Pusineri³

2009

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…As an important element of the trophic level in a highly productive ecosystem, the knowledge on a flagship species like S. guianensis will represent an important tool for the PEC conservation purposes. Recent observations on skin diseases affecting Guiana dolphins showed evidence that the mentioned ecosystem is likely to be compromised by pollution (see Van Bressem et al, 2009). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group size and composition of Guiana dolphins (Sotalia guianensis) (Van Bénèden, 1864) in the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex, Brazil

et al. 2010

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The aim of the present study was to describe the characteristics of Guiana dolphins (S. guianensis) group size and composition in the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex (25° 15' -25° 36' S and 48° 02'-48° 45' W), Paraná State, as well as to verify the existence of relationships between a given environmental variable (water depth, salinity, transparency and temperature) and group size. An area of around 124 km 2 was surveyed by boat from April 2006 to February 2008 in the following subsets of the estuary: Canal do Superagui (~28 km 2 ), Pinheiros bay (~34 km 2 ), part of Laranjeiras bay, which included the Guaraqueçaba sub-estuary (~38 km 2 ), and part of the Mixture Section of the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex (~24 km 2 ). In 45 survey days, a total of 147 hours were spent observing 286 groups of S. guianensis. Groups varied from two individuals to aggregations of up to 90 individuals (mean ± SD: 11.5 ± 14.4 individuals). Solitary individuals were seen only on five occasions (1.7% of all observations). Groups with calves (n = 247) represented 86.4% overall and were more common in all sub-areas when compared to groups without calves. Groups without calves were found in all sub-areas and were usually smaller and composed of up to 12 individuals. A usual group composition of 70% of adults and 30% of calves was observed considering all sub-areas and seasons. No correlations were found between group size and water temperature (Spearman's rank test, r = 0.0059, p = 0.9338), transparency (Spearman's rank test, r = 0.0597, p = 0.9333), depth (Spearman's rank test, r = 0.1421, p = 0.4698), and salinity (Spearman's rank test, r = -0.1938, p = 0.0665). While Guiana dolphin groups were seen in the entire surveyed area, group size varied significantly among the three main surveyed sub-areas (Kruskal Wallis, H 2,196 = 29.85, p = 0.0000). Groups were larger in Laranjeiras bay and smaller in Canal do Superagui. The physical environment, risk of predation, seasonal distribution and abundance of prey are the main possible factors driving larger groups in inner and protected waters.

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“…A study conducted during 2006 and 2007 revealed notable differences in skin diseases between two communities of Guiana dolphins (Sotalia guianensis) from Brazil [43].The authors found that the community, living in the chemically and biologically polluted Paranaguá estuary, was characterized by the occurrence of lobomycosis-like and nodular skin diseases. This estuary is known for its high levels of chlorinated hydrocarbons, as well as regular oil spills.…”

Section: Case Studies Of Skin Lesions In Cetaceans -The Signs?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cutaneous Lesions in Cetaceans: An Indicator of Ecosystem Status?

Mouton¹,

Botha²

2012

New Approaches to the Study of Marine Mammals

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Skin diseases in Guiana dolphins (Sotalia guianensis) from the Paranaguá estuary, Brazil: A possible indicator of a compromised marine environment

Cited by 64 publications

References 28 publications

Lobomycosis-like disease and other skin conditions in Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins Tursiops aduncus from the Indian Ocean

Lobomycosis-like disease and other skin conditions in Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins Tursiops aduncus from the Indian Ocean

Group size and composition of Guiana dolphins (Sotalia guianensis) (Van Bénèden, 1864) in the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex, Brazil

Cutaneous Lesions in Cetaceans: An Indicator of Ecosystem Status?

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