Skin characteristics following repeated exposure to simulated outdoor and indoor summer temperatures in South Korea and Southeast Asia

Abstract

Background Although changes in skin depend on the external environment, researchers have performed only a few studies on effect of the actual environment. Most studies have researched skin characterization based on changes in the humidity or temperature. Aim/objective This study aimed to evaluate changes in the skin based on the difference in indoor and outdoor temperatures and humidity during summer in South Korea and Southeast Asia. Methods Twenty‐two female participants aged 25–39 years were included. Skin hydration, sebum (cheek, forehead), colour, transparency and pores of the participants were measured after a 30‐min exposure to high temperature and high humidity (HTHH) environment and a 30‐min exposure to low temperature and low humidity (LTLH) environment. Subsequently, exposure to HTHH environment for 30 min +LTLH environment for 30 min was performed after a total of 1 h and repeated. Results Repeated exposure to HTHH and LTLH environments increased the skin's sebum content and haemoglobin index. Additionally, skin elasticity was significantly reduced, with patients in their 30 s showing greater changes than those in their 20 s. Conclusion Repeated differences in temperature and humidity cause skin ageing, loosen skin vessels and reduce skin elasticity, thereby leading to skin ageing.

Long‐term effects of face masks on skin characteristics during the COVID‐19 pandemic

“…Skin elasticity significantly decreased in both the mask‐skin zones and the non‐mask‐wearing area. These may be due to endogenous aging or stress 15 caused by the rapid intervals of wearing and taking off the mask. As a result, these may have affected the overall facial skin and the local skin surface.…”

Effects of one year of daily face mask wearing on the skin during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic

“…In addition, the rapid environmental changes caused by donning and doffing the mask repeatedly 29 may exacerbate the changes in the skin caused by aging and the external environment. 30 Therefore, it may be necessary to provide antiaging and skin color management along with sufficient moisturizing and skin barrier care for mask‐wearing skin. There are ways to relieve adverse skin symptoms caused by wearing a mask on a daily basis, such as using a gentle cleanser and appropriate moisturizer before and after wearing a mask.…”

“…The skin could be weakened by prolonged mask wearing. In addition, the rapid environmental changes caused by donning and doffing the mask repeatedly 29 may exacerbate the changes in the skin caused by aging and the external environment 30 . Therefore, it may be necessary to provide antiaging and skin color management along with sufficient moisturizing and skin barrier care for mask‐wearing skin.…”

Effects of Extreme High Temperatures on Proliferation, Cell Cycle, Cell Differentiation and ROS of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

“…This indicates that temperature exerts an important influence on the differentiation of stromal cells. Jang et al [18] compared the differences in indoor and outdoor summer temperatures and humidity in Korea and Southeast Asia to assess changes in skin studies showed that repeated exposure to high temperatures and high humidity increased sebum content and hemoglobin index in human skin. However, repeated temperature differences can relax skin blood vessels and reduce skin elasticity, which can contribute to skin aging.…”