Skin Cancer of the Hand and Forearm

Cruickshank, C. N. D.; Gourevitch, A.

doi:10.1136/oem.9.1.74

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Exposure to crude oil and certain refinery streams can be a health hazard for humans and wildlife (Cruickshank, 1952;Hose & Brown, 1998;Lipscomb et al, 1993;Lyons et al, 1999;Morita et al, 1999;Waterhouse, 1971). Limited exposure to crude oils may occur during drilling, transporting, and refining.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Antiestrogenicity of Clarified Slurry Oil and Two Crude Oils in a Human Breast-Cancer Cell Assay

Arcaro

Gierthy

Mackerer³

2001

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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Exposure to crude oil and certain petroleum products can be a serious health hazard. Clarified slurry oil (CSO) is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons derived from the processing of crude oil, and is a known systemic and developmental toxicant, mutagen, and carcinogen. In the present study, CSO and two crude oils, Belridge heavy crude oil (BHCO) and Lost Hills light crude oil (LHLCO), were examined for their estrogenic and antiestrogenic properties in a human breast-cancer cell (MCF-7) assay. The MCF-7 focus assay is based on postconfluent cell growth and tissue restructuring, measured as the postconfluent development of multicellular nodules or foci. The mutagenicity indices of BHCO and LHLCO also were determined in a modified Ames Salmonella assay. Oil samples were prepared in dimethyl sulfoxide, resulting in extraction of virtually all of the aromatic compounds including the sulfur- and nitrogen-substituted three- to seven-ring polycyclic aromatic compounds comprising 62.2% of the CSO, 9% of the BHCO, and 2% of the LHLCO by total weight. None of the three samples was estrogenic in the MCF-7 focus assay. In contrast, all of the samples were antiestrogenic; that is, they inhibited the development of foci induced by 1 nM 17beta-estradiol (E2). The potencies of the oil samples for both antiestrogenicity and mutagenicity were correlated with the percent of polycyclic aromatic compounds they contained. Two potential mechanisms for the observed antiestrogenicity were examined. Radiometric analysis of the catabolism of [3H]E2 in MCF-7 cell cultures demonstrated that all three samples increased catabolism of E2. Results from a whole-cell estrogen-receptor (ER) binding assay suggested that metabolites of compounds in the oil samples might have competed with [3H]E2 for ER in the MCF-7 cultures. Thus the antiestrogenicity of the oil samples may occur through at least two mechanisms, increased catabolism of E2 and antagonistic binding to ER.

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mentioning

confidence: 98%

Antiestrogenicity of Clarified Slurry Oil and Two Crude Oils in a Human Breast-Cancer Cell Assay

Arcaro

Gierthy

Mackerer³

2001

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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“…However, there are few data on the relationship between exposure to PAH and skin tumours in humans. Case reports have indicated that several years typically elapse between onset of exposure and the occurrence of tumours (Cruickshank & Squire, 1950;Cruickshank & Gourevitch, 1952;Mastromatteo, 1955;Waldron, 1983;Waldron et al, 1984). The populations on which these case reports are based are, however, not described in such a way that risk estimates can be calculated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Models for skin tumour risks in workers exposed to mineral oils

Järvholm

Easton²

1990

Br J Cancer

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SummaryThe relationship between skin tumours in man and exposure to polyaromatic hydrocarbons has been studied in lathe operators exposed to cutting oils. Seven cases of scrotal cancer and 13 cases of senile keratosis and keratoacanthoma were observed. The risk varied as the 1.6th power of duration of exposure for cancer on the scrotum and the 2.4th power for tumours on the hand and forearms. These results accord well with experiments on animals. There was some evidence of an increasing trend in risk with increasing age at first exposure.

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“…This observation has been repeatedly confirmed in the intervening years (e.g., Smith et al, 1951;Saffioti, 1954, 1955;Guilman and Vesselinovitch, 1955;Bingham et al, 1965Bingham et al, , 1969Desoille et al, 1973;Osanai, H. et al, 1975;and Holland et al, 1979). At the same time, epidemiological studies (Cruickshank and Squire, 1950;Cruickshank and Gourevitch, 1952;Waterhouse, 1971; and Thony and Thony, 1970) have linked exposure to unrefined oils to an excess incidence of skin cancer in humans. Chemical analysis of the carcinogenic oils showed that a portion of the carcinogenic activity can be attributed to the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (Bingham et al, 1965(Bingham et al, , 1969Grimmer et al, 1982;Gradisky et al, 1983;and Doak et al, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting carcinogenicity of petroleum distillation fractions using a modified Salmonella mutagenicity assay

Blackburn¹,

Deitch²,

Schreiner³

et al. 1986

Cell Biol Toxicol

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The Ames Salmonella/microsomal activation mutagenesis assay has been modified to improve sensitivity and reproducibility to complex mixtures derived from the refining and processing of petroleum. Oil samples were dissolved in cyclohexane and subsequently extracted with dimethyl sulfoxide to produce aqueous compatible solutions which readily interact with tester bacteria. Also, the liver homogenate (S-9) and NADP cofactor concentrations were increased and hamster rather than rat liver S-9 was used. The initial slope of the dose response curve relating mutagenicity (revertants per plate) to the dose of extract added was used as an index of mutagenic activity; this slope was obtained through a computerized curve fitting procedure. The modified assay was used to rank 18 oil samples for mutagenic activity; this ranking correlates highly (r = 0.92) with potency rankings of the same samples previously determined from dermal carcinogenicity bioassays. Sensitivity and reproducibility of the assay are sufficient to permit routine use for detecting potential carcinogenic activity of individual refinery streams and blends which contain components boiling above 500 degrees F.

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Skin Cancer of the Hand and Forearm

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

Antiestrogenicity of Clarified Slurry Oil and Two Crude Oils in a Human Breast-Cancer Cell Assay

Antiestrogenicity of Clarified Slurry Oil and Two Crude Oils in a Human Breast-Cancer Cell Assay

Models for skin tumour risks in workers exposed to mineral oils

Predicting carcinogenicity of petroleum distillation fractions using a modified Salmonella mutagenicity assay

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