Skin Cancer Incidence among Atomic Bomb Survivors from 1958 to 1996

Abstract

The radiation risk of skin cancer by histological types has been evaluated in the atomic bomb survivors. We examined 80,158 of the 120,321 cohort members who had their radiation dose estimated by the latest dosimetry system (DS02). Potential skin tumors diagnosed from 1958 to 1996 were reviewed by a panel of pathologists, and radiation risk of the first primary skin cancer was analyzed by histological types using a Poisson regression model. A significant excess relative risk (ERR) of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (n ¼ 123) was estimated at 1 Gy (0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.26, 1.6) for those age 30 at exposure and age 70 at observation based on a linear-threshold model with a threshold dose of 0.63 Gy (95% CI: 0.32, 0.89) and a slope of 2.0 (95% CI: 0.69, 4.3). The estimated risks were 15, 5.7, 1.3 and 0.9 for age at exposure of 0-9, 10-19, 20-39, over 40 years, respectively, and the risk increased 11% with each oneyear decrease in age at exposure. The ERR for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in situ (n ¼ 64) using a linear model was estimated as 0.71 (95% CI: 0

Occupational ionising radiation and risk of basal cell carcinoma in US radiologic technologists (1983–2005)

“…However, these studies are uninformative as to the relation between low dose chronic IR exposure and BCC risk 22. The Japanese atomic bomb survivors reported an ERR/Sv=0.7 (95% CI 0.3 to 1.6), and the data suggest a possible threshold at 0.6 Gy 7. The Israeli tinea capitis cohort, exposed in childhood, had an ERR/Gy=0.7 (95% CI 0.3 to 1.4)3 and the New York tinea capitis cohort, also exposed in childhood, had an ERR/Gy=1.6 (95% CI 1.3 to 2.1) 9…”

“…The studies of Japanese atomic bomb survivors3 6 7 26 and data on radiotherapy patients3 9 10 27 28 have established an association between IR and BCC for doses of about 1 Gy, the former providing information on acute exposures and the latter on fractionated exposures. However, these studies are uninformative as to the relation between low dose chronic IR exposure and BCC risk 22.…”

Ionizing Radiation Exposure and Basal Cell Carcinoma Pathogenesis

“…Nearly all of these reports indicate that exposure to radiation enhances the risk of BCC incidence, as opposed to melanoma or squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The mechanism underlying differential responses of basal cells and squamous cells to radiation mediated malignant transformation still remains unclear (15–18). …”

Mortality Analysis of the Life Span Study (LSS) Cohort Taking into Account Multiple Causes of Death Indicated in Death Certificates

“…The best model among the three was selected based on Akaike information criterion (AIC) values (22,23), but the simpler model was selected when the difference in AIC values was within 1.00 (21,24,25).…”