Skin Cancer in Skin of Color

Jackson, Brooke A.

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-88495-0_16

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The greater melanin in the epidermis, which screens twofold as much UV light as that in Caucasians' epidermis, is principally responsible for the lower incidence of skin malignancies in darker-skinned races. Darker-skinned populations have large and more melanized melanosomes which absorb and disperse energy higher efficiently than Caucasians' smaller, melanosomes [ 82 ]. Skin cancer in non-White people frequently manifests at a later stage, which makes the prognosis poorer than in White individuals.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Skin Cancer Progressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin cancer: understanding the journey of transformation from conventional to advanced treatment approaches

Hasan,

Nadaf,

Imran

et al. 2023

Mol Cancer

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Skin cancer is a global threat to the healthcare system and is estimated to incline tremendously in the next 20 years, if not diagnosed at an early stage. Even though it is curable at an early stage, novel drug identification, clinical success, and drug resistance is another major challenge. To bridge the gap and bring effective treatment, it is important to understand the etiology of skin carcinoma, the mechanism of cell proliferation, factors affecting cell growth, and the mechanism of drug resistance. The current article focusses on understanding the structural diversity of skin cancers, treatments available till date including phytocompounds, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, photothermal therapy, surgery, combination therapy, molecular targets associated with cancer growth and metastasis, and special emphasis on nanotechnology-based approaches for downregulating the deleterious disease. A detailed analysis with respect to types of nanoparticles and their scope in overcoming multidrug resistance as well as associated clinical trials has been discussed. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Mechanism Of Skin Cancer Progressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin cancer: understanding the journey of transformation from conventional to advanced treatment approaches

Hasan,

Nadaf,

Imran

et al. 2023

Mol Cancer

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“…Although melanin is a major protective physiological barrier in skin damage due to UV radiation, it does not prevent skin cancer (Halder & Bridgeman-Shah, 1995). Research shows that every skin type, regardless of pigment, is susceptible to skin cancer (Beech, Harb, & Reed, 2004;Jackson, 2010). Even in people with darker skin, like African Americans, recent exposure to the sun increases epidermal melanin, which indicates UV damage to the skin (CDC, 2010a).…”

Section: Skin Cancer and African Americans -Health Disparitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Skin Cancer Knowledge, Attitude, and Protective Behavior in African American Students in East and West Coasts

Meh

Gill

Kim

2013

CALIF J HEALTH PROMOT

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Purpose and Background: African Americans, in comparison to other ethnic groups, are often diagnosed with melanoma at advanced stages, resulting in low survival rates. One of the strongest risk factors for all types of skin cancer is exposure to UV radiation from the sun. UV ray intensity is associated with latitude; lower latitudes have stronger UV rays than higher latitudes. This study examines and compares the knowledge, attitude, and protective behavior toward skin cancer among United States African American college students who live in two different latitudes, Maryland and southern California. Methods: We surveyed 360 African American students from two major universities in southern California and Maryland. Students were asked to fill out questionnaires that assessed their knowledge, attitude, and protective behavior regarding sun exposure. Results: More African American students from Maryland knew the direct link between UV/sun radiation exposure and the occurrence of skin cancer (p = 0.02), while those from California were significantly more knowledgeable about skin cancer risk factors such as sunbathing without sunscreen (p ? 0.001). Although students from Maryland were more concerned that exposure to the sun may give them skin cancer (p = 0.003) and more worried about the possibility of skin cancer (p < 0.001), they were less likely to engage in sun protection behaviors such as using sunscreen (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Based on this study, efforts to increase sun protective behaviors through education regarding skin cancer risk factors in Maryland are warranted.

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“…8 While melanin’s UVR shielding effect undoubtedly accounts for some of the difference of the lifetime melanoma risk, highly pigmented skin provides a sun protective factor (SPF) of only 2-3 versus lightly pigmented skin, which seems insufficient to completely explain the large difference in skin cancer incidence between people with lightly pigmented vs darkly pigmented skin. 9,10 Furthermore, a UVR shielding effect does not fully explain decades of epidemiologic data suggesting that there are UV-independent determinants of melanoma risk that also correlate with skin pigment type. Melanomas arising in completely sun-protected areas, such as anorectal melanoma, are 13-fold higher in people with lightly pigmented skin than those with darkly pigmented skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CHRM1 is a Druggable Melanoma Target Whose Endogenous Activity is Determined by Inherited Genetic Variation in DOPA Production

Doepner

Natale

Lee

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Melanoma risk is higher for people with lightly pigmented skin (1:38) compared to those with darkly pigmented skin (1:1000). While this difference is typically attributed to the ultraviolet radiation (UVR) shielding effect of melanin pigment, here we show that other cell-intrinsic differences between dark and light MCs, independent of melanin and UV, regulate MC proliferative capacity, cellular differentiation state, and susceptibility to malignant transformation. These differences are driven by dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), a melanin synthesis intermediate, and result from DOPA antagonism of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 (CHRM1), a G Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR) expressed in MCs, but not previously known to bind DOPA, nor to affect melanoma pathobiology. Pharmacologic CHRM1 antagonism in melanoma leads to downregulation of c-Myc and FOXM1, both of which are proliferation drivers associated with aggressive melanoma. In preclinical melanoma models, pharmacologic CHRM1 inhibition in vivo inhibited melanoma growth. CHRM1 may be a new therapeutic target for melanoma.

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Skin Cancer in Skin of Color

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Skin cancer: understanding the journey of transformation from conventional to advanced treatment approaches

Skin cancer: understanding the journey of transformation from conventional to advanced treatment approaches

Comparison of Skin Cancer Knowledge, Attitude, and Protective Behavior in African American Students in East and West Coasts

CHRM1 is a Druggable Melanoma Target Whose Endogenous Activity is Determined by Inherited Genetic Variation in DOPA Production

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