Skin and subcutaneous tumors

Ryan, Stewart D.; Wouters, Erik G.H.; Nimwegen, S.A. van; Kirpensteijn, Jolle

doi:10.1002/9781118729038.ch4

Cited by 17 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 180 publications

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“…Cytologic samples from squamous cell carcinomas have been known to have necrotic debris and inflammation on cytology . Anecdotally, ruptured cells are frequently observed in samples obtained from cases of lymphoma as these cells are commonly deemed to be more fragile than other cell types . To reduce artifacts from occurring and minimize the discrepancy due to a tumor type, we designed the study so that each tumor had a designated control by having two different needles used for FNA with a specific order (22‐25‐22 gauge or 25‐22‐25 gauge).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine‐needle aspiration of cutaneous, subcutaneous, and intracavitary masses in dogs and cats using 22‐ vs 25‐gauge needles

Arai

Rist

Clancey

et al. 2019

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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Background Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) is a common procedure as a diagnostic tool in veterinary medicine. However, it is unclear whether the gauge of the needle affects the quality of cytology. Objective This study compared the quality of cytologic samples obtained via FNA using 22‐ or 25‐gauge needles. Methods Fine‐needle aspiration was performed on 50 masses (cutaneous, subcutaneous, or intracavitary) obtained from client‐owned animals. The size of the needle was randomly assigned using either of the following two sequences: 22‐25‐22 gauge or 25‐22‐25 gauge. Samples were evaluated by two board‐certified clinical pathologists to assess cellularity, blood contamination, amount of cellular debris, degree of cellular trauma, and the overall ability to make a diagnosis for each sample. Results No significant difference was detected between the 22‐ and 25‐gauge needle samples for cellularity, whereas a significant difference was present for blood contamination, amount of cellular debris, and degree of cellular trauma. The overall ability to make a diagnosis was not significantly affected by the needle gauge. The degree of cellular trauma was significantly increased in intracavitary samples. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance Needle gauge is a contributing factor to FNA sample quality. However, it did not affect the overall ability to make a diagnosis. Samples obtained using 25‐gauge needles resulted in less blood contamination yet increased cellular trauma compared to 22‐gauge needle samples.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine‐needle aspiration of cutaneous, subcutaneous, and intracavitary masses in dogs and cats using 22‐ vs 25‐gauge needles

Arai

Rist

Clancey

et al. 2019

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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“…However, this pseudocapsule is comprised of compressed tumour and reactive tissue, and when the tumour is removed this way residual disease will be left behind. 1,13,14,19 The description of surgical margins was reported in objective measurements for 149 out of the 250 reports.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,11,12,24 Additionally, completeness of histologic margins has been shown to be predictive of local recurrence. 3,11,14,20,24 For best histopathologic margin reporting, it is equally important for the submitting veterinarian to handle and submit samples appropriately. Margin translation by the pathologist has been complicated by the decrease in size of tissue from the time of pre-surgical measurement and at the time of histological evaluation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Incomplete margins can place the patient at risk for tumour recurrence with reported recurrence rates dependent on grade: 7% for grade 1, 34% for grade 2 and 75% for grade 3. 1,3 Findings of incomplete excision can lead to recommendations for further treatment including chemotherapy, [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] radiation therapy [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] or further surgery 3,[11][12][13][14][18][19][20] to decrease chance of recurrence or increase time to recurrence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of information presented within soft tissue sarcoma histopathology reports in the United States: 2012‐2015

Livaccari

Selmic

Reagan

et al. 2018

Vet Comparative Oncology

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Despite the existence of the American College of Veterinary Pathology guidelines for tumour biopsy specimens, anecdotally the authors' have seen inconsistency of reporting of information on the pathology report for canine soft tissue sarcomas (STSs). If crucial aspects are not reported this can result in slower or impeded patient care. This retrospective study evaluated 255 STS histopathology reports submitted from across the United States. Reports were evaluated by a single observer to assess for information contained in 5 main categories: patient history and signalment, gross and microscopic description, grading, histologic margins and the comments section. Inclusion criteria for histopathology reports included a final diagnosis of STS, having a microscopic description and resulting from the initial surgical resection. The majority of the reports stated the patient signalment (91.2%) and clinical history (90.8%). However, only 64.8% of the reports had a gross description of the specimen. Histologic margin description was present in 229 reports (91.6%), however, only 149 reports (59.6%) stated an objective measurement of these margins. Histologic classification was stated in 50.0% of the reports, while grade was given on 97.2% of the reports. Variability in histopathologic reporting including histologic margin description for resected canine STS was identified. Given surgical treatment is the mainstay for STS and histopathological assessment plays an important role in determination of whether additional surgery, radiation or chemotherapy is needed. Standardization or checklists like the American College of Pathology utilize may be helpful to ensure histopathologic characteristics are reported that may guide further treatment recommendations.

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“…Diphenhydramine has been commonly recommended as an ancillary drug in dogs with MCT to counteract the adverse effects of histamine on the peripheral vasculature and local tissues during surgical excision. Mast cells may degranulate and release histamine in response to surgical manipulation or radiation therapy (Ryan et al, 2012;Fossum et al, 2013) and elicit adverse cardiovascular effects that include a decrease in vascular resistance, hypotension and arrhythmias (Hageman et al, 1979;Adams, 1995;Peters & Kovacic, 2009). Although these effects may be short-lived due to compensatory reflexes and quick inactivation of histamine, the effects are dose-related and could be less tolerated in sick or anesthetized animals with compromised cardiovascular function (Adams, 1995;Guedes et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pharmacokinetics of DPH after the administration of a single intravenous or intramuscular dose in healthy dogs

Sánchez

Valverde

Sinclair

et al. 2016

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of diphenhydramine (DPH) in healthy dogs following a single i.v. or i.m. dose. Dogs were randomly allocated in two treatment groups and received DPH at 1 mg/kg, i.v., or 2 mg/kg, i.m. Blood samples were collected serially over 24 h. Plasma concentrations of DPH were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, and noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was performed with the commercially available software. Cardio-respiratory parameters, rectal temperature and effects on behaviour, such as sedation or excitement, were recorded. Diphenhydramine Clarea , Vdarea and T1/2 were 20.7 ± 2.9 mL/kg/min, 7.6 ± 0.7 L/kg and 4.2 ± 0.5 h for the i.v. route, respectively, and Clarea /F, Vdarea /F and T1/2 20.8 ± 2.7 mL/kg/min, 12.3 ± 1.2 L/kg and 6.8 ± 0.7 h for the i.m. route, respectively. Bioavailability was 88% after i.m. administration. No significant differences were found in physiological parameters between groups or within dogs of the same group, and values remained within normal limits. No adverse effects or changes in mental status were observed after the administration of DPH. Both routes of administration resulted in DPH plasma concentrations which exceeded levels considered therapeutic in humans.

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Skin and subcutaneous tumors

Cited by 17 publications

References 180 publications

Fine‐needle aspiration of cutaneous, subcutaneous, and intracavitary masses in dogs and cats using 22‐ vs 25‐gauge needles

Fine‐needle aspiration of cutaneous, subcutaneous, and intracavitary masses in dogs and cats using 22‐ vs 25‐gauge needles

Evaluation of information presented within soft tissue sarcoma histopathology reports in the United States: 2012‐2015

The pharmacokinetics of DPH after the administration of a single intravenous or intramuscular dose in healthy dogs

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