Skin and Oral Mucosa

Klein‐Szanto, Andres J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-330220-5.50016-4

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…in a blinded manner according to the best practice guidelines of the Society of Toxicologic Pathology (20). In general, structure and classification of the histopathology evaluation followed the logical framework described elsewhere (21,22). Based on the increases in cellularity (namely fibroblast-like cells, dendritic-like cells, and lymphocytes), the severity of the findings was graded from 1 to 5, where 1 ϭ minimal changes; and 5 ϭ extensive changes).…”

Section: Macroscopic Skin Findings and Histologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gadolinium‐based contrast agents and their potential role in the pathogenesis of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: The role of excess ligand

Sieber

Lengsfeld

Walter

et al. 2008

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Purpose:To investigate the role of excess ligand present in gadolinium (Gd) -based contrast agents in the development of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF). Using a dosing regimen to simulate the exposure seen in patients with severe renal impairment, we investigated the effect of excess ligand on Gd-deposition and the depletion of endogenous ions. Materials and Methods:Gadodiamide and gadoversetamide were formulated with 0%, 5%, and 10% excess ligand. Forty-two, healthy, male Hannover Wistar rats received daily intravenous injections of each formulation over a period of 20 days. At the end of the study, histopathological analysis of the skin was performed and the concentrations of Gd, Zn, and Cu were measured in several tissues. The levels of Zn in the urine were also measured. Results:The most severe skin lesions were observed after injection of formulations containing 0% free ligand and in those animals with the highest Gd concentrations in the skin. There were no significant reductions in the levels of Zn or Cu observed in the skin; however, the levels of Zn in the urine were elevated following administration of formulations with the highest amount of excess ligand. Conclusion:Our findings suggest that there is an inverse correlation between the amount of excess ligand present in Gd-containing contrast agents and the amount of Gd in the tissue, and further underline the importance of the inherent stability of these agents in the development of NSF.

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Section: Macroscopic Skin Findings and Histologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Gadolinium‐based contrast agents and their potential role in the pathogenesis of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: The role of excess ligand

Sieber

Lengsfeld

Walter

et al. 2008

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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“…The histopathological reading was performed by two board-certified veterinary histopathologists (JW, FS) in a blinded fashion according to best practice guidelines of the Society of Toxicologic Pathology [12]. In general, structure and classification of the histopathology evaluation followed the logical framework described elsewhere [13,14]. The severity of the findings was graded using scores from 1 to 5 based on the increases in cellularity (namely increases in fibroblast-like Furthermore we performed CD34 stains of the dermis with the same methodology as described previously [8].…”

Section: Macroscopic Skin Findings Histology and Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Preclinical investigation to compare different gadolinium-based contrast agents regarding their propensity to release gadolinium in vivo and to trigger nephrogenic systemic fibrosis-like lesions

et al. 2008

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“…In this study, it was confirmed that the preparation and application procedures employed in the percutaneous dose toxicity studies induced acanthosis and inflammatory cell infiltration in the dermis as the main change common to dogs, rabbits and rats. Application of irritant substances causes a variety of histological changes, such as erosion or ulcer, and inflammation that ranges in severity 3 , 10 . However, when the intensity of the irritant is mild or moderate, the epidermis does not erode but instead shows reactive changes including hyperkeratosis and acanthosis 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological dermal changes caused by preparation and application procedures in percutaneous dose toxicity studies in dogs, rabbits and rats

Mitsuishi¹,

Oshikata²,

Kumabe³

et al. 2015

J Toxicol Pathol

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We reevaluated histological slides of dorsal skin in control animals from past percutaneous dose toxicity studies using dogs, rabbits and rats to provide background data concerning histological changes related to preparation and application procedures and vehicles or embrocations of every variety. Acanthosis, dermal or perifollicular inflammatory cell infiltration in dogs; hyperkeratosis, acanthosis, dermal inflammatory cell infiltration or hemorrhage in rabbits; and acanthosis, dermal inflammatory cell infiltration, crust or foreign body granuloma in rats were present as procedure-related underlying histological changes in the control animals. Four mechanical acts, (1) rubbing with gauze to remove an administered substance for reapplication, (2) use of a taut bandage to avoid slipping from the application site, (3) peeling a patch off as a preparation procedure for reapplication, and (4) clipping or shaving, were considered to cause injury to the skin. The degree of influence of the various application procedures was found to be as follows: sham, lotion < cream < ointment and tape in dogs; untreated control, sham < lotion < tape and poultice in rabbits; and sham, sodium carboxymethylcellulose < olive oil and lotion < ointment and tape in rats. The degree of ointment influence on rabbits is equivocal.

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Skin and Oral Mucosa

Cited by 6 publications

References 41 publications

Gadolinium‐based contrast agents and their potential role in the pathogenesis of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: The role of excess ligand

Gadolinium‐based contrast agents and their potential role in the pathogenesis of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: The role of excess ligand

Preclinical investigation to compare different gadolinium-based contrast agents regarding their propensity to release gadolinium in vivo and to trigger nephrogenic systemic fibrosis-like lesions

Histological dermal changes caused by preparation and application procedures in percutaneous dose toxicity studies in dogs, rabbits and rats

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