Sketch maps for searching in spatial data

Abstract

Much research has been conducted on the use of sketch maps to search in spatial databases, nevertheless, they have faced challenges, such as modeling of the data abstraction level, aggregated features in sketches, modeling of semantic aspects of data, data redundancy, and evaluation of the results. Considering these challenges, in this article a new solution is presented for searching in databases based on data matching. The main difference between this solution and the other approaches lies in the parameters introduced to match data and how to solve the matching problem. Using geometrical, topological, and semantic parameters in the matching, as well as performing the matching process in the two phases of partial and global, has resulted in an of about 78%. The evaluation process is performed based on the matching parameters and the matching procedure; finally, the result is acceptable compared to previous implementations.

Spatial Relationship Analysis of Geographic Elements in Sketch Maps at the Meso and Micro Spatial Scales

“…In recent years, some scholars have studied sketch map alignment based on geographic elements' attributes and spatial relationships. Zardiny et al [16] analyzed the accuracy of each factor in sketch map matching based on the attributes and spatial relationships of junctions, roads, and POIs. Tang et al [15] developed qualitative and quantitative similarity measures based on the attribute features and spatial relationships of geographic objects in sketch maps and OpenStreetMap (OSM).…”

“…Geographic elements at multiple spatial scales show different spatial representations owing to the difference in their size and shape [13]. Presently, some scholars have applied various spatial relationships to single or multiple types of geographic elements in sketch maps at the micro spatial scale [14][15][16]. However, owing to people's multi-scale spatial knowledge of space [17], the issue of spatial relationships of geographic elements for multiple-spatial-scale sketch maps needs to be explored.…”