Skelett und muskulatur des thorax von Priacma serrata Leconte (Coleoptera, Cupedidae)

Baehr, Martin

doi:10.1007/bf00290073

Cited by 45 publications

(265 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This is in accordance with the results of Baehr (1975), who found that the thoracic musculature of Priacma serrata comprises more muscles than that of other Coleoptera. The fact that species of Archostemata have muscles that otherwise are known, for example, from hemimetabolous insects but not from other Coleoptera can be interpreted as an additional indication of the basal position of Archostemata in the system of Coleoptera.…”

Section: Morphology and Functionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In terms of morphology the species best investigated is Priacma serrata LeConte, 1861. For this species the morphology of head, thorax and aedeagus and the flight behaviour (Edwards, 1953a, b;Atkins, 1958;Baehr, 1975;Hörnschemeyer et al, 2002) have been studied in detail. Another species that has attracted much effort is Micromalthus debilis LeConte, 1878.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The head morphology of Ascioplaga mimeta (Coleoptera: Archostemata) and the phylogeny of Archostemata

Hörnschemeyer¹,

Goebbels²,

Weidemann³

et al. 2006

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. Internal and external features of the head of Ascioplaga mimeta (Coleoptera: Archostemata) were studied with micro X-ray computertomography (µCT) and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI). These methods allowed the reconstruction of the entire internal anatomy from the only available fixed specimen. The mouthparts and their associated musculature are highly derived in many aspects. Their general configuration corresponds to that of Priacma serrata (the only other archostematan studied in comparable detail). However, the mandible-maxilla system of A. mimeta is built as a complex sorting apparatus and shows a distinct specialisation for a specific, but still unknown, food source. The phylogenetic analysis resulted in the identification of a new monophylum comprising the genera [Distocupes + (Adinolepis +Ascioplaga)]. The members of this taxon are restricted to the Australian zoogeographic region. The most prominent synapomorphies of these three genera are their derived mouthparts.

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Section: Morphology and Functionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The head morphology of Ascioplaga mimeta (Coleoptera: Archostemata) and the phylogeny of Archostemata

Hörnschemeyer¹,

Goebbels²,

Weidemann³

et al. 2006

Eur. J. Entomol.

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show abstract

“…5, 6) The muscles of the postoccipital and cervical area were described by Baehr (1975). Our reexamination confirms his results.…”

Section: Pharynxsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Scale bar ϭ 0.5 mm. Baehr (1975). Originates on the prophragma laterad of M. 55 and runs laterad of M. 60 to the insertion on the neck-membrane slightly dorsolaterad of M. 55.…”

Section: Cervicopostoccipitalis (61) ϭ M 9 Of Baehr (1975)mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Head structures of Priacma serrata leconte (coleptera, archostemata) inferred from X‐ray tomography

Hörnschemeyer

Beutel

Pasop

2002

Journal of Morphology

102

150

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Internal and external features of the head of Priacma serrata were studied with X-ray microtomography and with histological methods. The comparison of both techniques shows that X-ray tomography is a promising new technique for the investigation of insect anatomy. The still somewhat coarse resolution of the X-ray data is compensated for by advantages like the nondestructive and artifact-free data acquisition. The head of P. serrata and other adults of Archostemata is characterized by many derived features. Muscular features of Priacma, especially muscles of the labium and pharynx, differ strongly from what is found in other groups of Coleoptera. Several character states are considered as autapomorphies of Archostemata: scale-like surface structures, constricted neck, strongly reduced tentorium, and the plate-like, enlarged prementum. The scales provide a protecting surface pattern and may have evolved with a more exposed lifestyle. The enlarged prementum forms a lid, which closes the mouth and covers the ligula when it is pulled back by contraction of the unusually strong submento-premental muscle. The presence of four cone-shaped protuberances on the dorsal side of the head is considered an autapomorphy of Cupedidae. The galea with a narrow stalk and a round and pubescent distal galeomere is another autapomorphy of this family. It has probably evolved as an adaptation to pollen-feeding. The shape of the mandible of Cupedidae is plesiomorphic compared to what is found in adults of Ommatidae. The vertical arrangement of apical teeth is an autapomorphy of the latter family. The lateral insertion of the antenna in Priacma is a groundplan feature of Cupedidae. The dorsal shift is a synapomorphy of all other cupedid genera. A cladistic analysis of characters of the head and additional data resulted in the following branching pattern: ((Crowsoniella + (Omma + Tetraphalerus)) + (Micromalthus + (Priacma + (Paracupes + (Cupes + Tenomerga + Prolixocupes + Rhipsideigma + Distocupes + (Adinolepis + Ascioplaga)))))).

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A unique case of commensalism: The beaver beetle Platypsyllus castoris (Leiodidae, Coleoptera) and its morphological adaptations

Yavorskaya¹,

Jałoszyński

Beutel

2022

Journal of Morphology

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Platypsyllus castoris is closely associated with beavers and displays a unique set of structural specializations. We document the morphology of adults with modern techniques, and interpret evolutionary changes linked with the specific life style. The small subfamily Platypsyllinae has evolved an entire suite of features correlated with a more or less close association with mammals, for instance a flattened body, a dorsal cephalic shield, flightlessness, eye reduction, and depigmentation. Within this small group, Platypsyllus displays numerous autapomorphic features, correlated with a close association with the beaver. Essential is a combination of mechanical stabilization and firm anchorage on the host, and efficient forward movement in the fur. Exo‐ and endoskeletal structures of the head and thorax are reinforced by vertical cuticular columns and by an array of internal ridges. The antennae are shortened and strongly modified, the mandibles distinctly reduced and flattened, unsuitable for cutting, scraping or grinding. The musculature of the mouthparts is simplified, whereas an enhanced set of prepharyngeal and pharyngeal dilators forms an efficient sucking pump. The prothoracic musculature is strongly developed. In contrast, the pterothoracic muscle system is distinctly simplified, even though leg muscles are strongly developed. Using the legs, the flattened beetles move sideways through the dense fur of the beaver, using posteriorly directed groups of setae and ctenidia to prevent being pushed backwards by the densely arranged hairs. In contrast to the anterior body, the cuticle of the abdomen is thin, and the entire tagma flexible, with thin layers of segmental muscles. The hind gut is not connected with the mid gut. The beetles probably consume liquid, possibly with emulgated minute skin debris. As the morphology of the mouthparts excludes damage to the skin of the host, the association should not be addressed as ectoparasitic but as commensalism.

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Skelett und muskulatur des thorax von Priacma serrata Leconte (Coleoptera, Cupedidae)

Cited by 45 publications

References 11 publications

The head morphology of Ascioplaga mimeta (Coleoptera: Archostemata) and the phylogeny of Archostemata

The head morphology of Ascioplaga mimeta (Coleoptera: Archostemata) and the phylogeny of Archostemata

Head structures of Priacma serrata leconte (coleptera, archostemata) inferred from X‐ray tomography

A unique case of commensalism: The beaver beetle Platypsyllus castoris (Leiodidae, Coleoptera) and its morphological adaptations

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