Skeletal stem cells

Bianco, Paolo; Robey, Pamela Gehron

doi:10.1242/dev.102210

Cited by 315 publications

(281 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Bone marrow cells with colony-forming ability were originally called colony-forming unitsfibroblast (CFU-F). Bone marrow-derived CFU-F are regarded as skeletal stem cells that can generate multiple bone lineages, organize bone architecture and also condition the hemopoietic stem cell niche (Bianco and Robey, 2015). Recently, a population of MSC-like cells in the adult heart has been characterized that express Heart Failure (CONCERT-HF) is presently underway (NCT02501811).…”

Section: Pre-clinical and Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental origin and lineage plasticity of endogenous cardiac stem cells

et al. 2016

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Over the past two decades, several populations of cardiac stem cells have been described in the adult mammalian heart. For the most part, however, their lineage origins and in vivo functions remain largely unexplored. This Review summarizes what is known about different populations of embryonic and adult cardiac stem cells, including KIT + , PDGFRα + , ISL1 + and SCA1 + cells, side population cells, cardiospheres and epicardial cells. We discuss their developmental origins and defining characteristics, and consider their possible contribution to heart organogenesis and regeneration. We also summarize the origin and plasticity of cardiac fibroblasts and circulating endothelial progenitor cells, and consider what role these cells have in contributing to cardiac repair.

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Section: Pre-clinical and Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental origin and lineage plasticity of endogenous cardiac stem cells

et al. 2016

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“…These stromal cells, sometimes called mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), have been partially purified and have been studied extensively as potential tools for regenerating bone and other tissues (5). Their normal fates in vivo remain elusive, however, because specific marking of these cells in lineage-tracing experiments in vivo has proven challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parathyroid hormone regulates fates of murine osteoblast precursors in vivo

Balani

Ono

Kronenberg

2017

Journal of Clinical Investigation

109

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“…They replenish the osteoblast component of bone and support hematopoiesis (76). Therefore, they are theoretically ideal to be allo-or autotransplanted to generate an osteoblast population capable of producing RANKL, even upon gene manipulation or genome editing procedures.…”

Section: Future Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteopetroses, emphasizing potential approaches to treatment

Teti

Econs

2017

Bone

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Osteopetroses are a heterogeneous group of rare genetic bone diseases sharing the common hallmarks of reduced osteoclast activity, increased bone mass and high bone fragility. Osteoclasts are bone resorbing cells that contribute to bone growth and renewal through the erosion of the mineralized matrix. Alongside the bone forming activity by osteoblasts, osteoclasts allow the skeleton to grow harmonically and maintain a healthy balance between bone resorption and formation. Osteoclast impairment in osteopetroses prevents bone renewal and deteriorates bone quality, causing atraumatic fractures. Osteopetroses vary in severity and are caused by mutations in a variety of genes involved in bone resorption or in osteoclastogenesis. Frequent signs and symptoms include osteosclerosis, deformity, dwarfism and narrowing of the bony canals, including the nerve foramina, leading to hematological and neural failures. The disease is autosomal, with only one extremely rare form associated so far to the X-chromosome, and can have either recessive or dominant inheritance. Recessive ostepetroses are generally lethal in infancy or childhood, with a few milder forms clinically denominated intermediate osteopetroses. Dominant osteopetrosis is so far associated only with mutations in the CLCN7 gene and, although described as a benign form, it can be severely debilitating, although not at the same level as recessive forms, and can rarely result in reduced life expectancy. Severe osteopetroses due to osteoclast autonomous defects can be treated by Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT), but those due to deficiency of the pro-osteoclastogenic cytokine, RANKL, are not suitable for this procedure.Likewise, it is unclear as to whether HSCT, which has high intrinsic risks, results in clinical improvement in autosomal dominant osteopetrosis. Therefore, there is an unmet medical need to identify new therapies and studies are currently in progress to test gene and cell therapies, small interfering RNA approach and novel pharmacologic treatments.

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Skeletal stem cells

Cited by 315 publications

References 57 publications

Developmental origin and lineage plasticity of endogenous cardiac stem cells

Developmental origin and lineage plasticity of endogenous cardiac stem cells

Parathyroid hormone regulates fates of murine osteoblast precursors in vivo

Osteopetroses, emphasizing potential approaches to treatment

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