Skeletal muscle satellite cell diversity: Satellite cells form fibers of different types in cell culture

Feldman, Jeffrey L.; Stockdale, Frank E.

doi:10.1016/0012-1606(91)90083-f

Cited by 150 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…These cells serve as an endogenous stem cell pool and repair muscle upon injury (Mauro, 1961;Charge and Rudnicki, 2004;BenYair and Kalcheim, 2005;Gros et al, 2005;Kassar-Duchossoy et al, 2005;Relaix et al, 2005). Recent studies established that satellite cells have a recollection of the type of muscle they accompanied and, thus, are able to reconstitute muscle with the correct combination of fast or slow-twitch fibers (Feldman and Stockdale, 1991;Donoghue et al, 1992;Dolenc et al, 1994;Kalhovde et al, 2005). Our study shows that En1 marks the epaxial subset of muscle precursors originating from the dermomyotome proper, including the prospective satellite cells.…”

Section: En1 Expression May Serve As Positional Information For Satelmentioning

confidence: 63%

Establishment of the epaxial–hypaxial boundary in the avian myotome

Ahmed

Cheng

Dietrich

2006

Developmental Dynamics

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Trunk skeletal muscles are segregated into dorsomedial epaxial and ventrolateral hypaxial muscles, separated by a myoseptum. In amniotes, they are generated from a transient structure, the dermomyotome, which lays down muscle, namely the myotome underneath. However, the dermomyotome and myotome are dorsoventrally continuous, with no morphologically defined epaxial-hypaxial boundary. The transcription factors En1 and Sim1 have been shown to molecularly subdivide the amniote dermomyotome, with En1 labeling the epaxial dermomyotome and Sim1 the hypaxial counterpart. Here, we demonstrate that En1 and Sim1 expression persists in cells leaving the dermomyotome, superimposing the expression boundary onto muscle and skin. En1-expressing cells colonize the myotome initially from the rostral and caudal lips, and slightly later, directly from the de-epithelializing dermomyotomal center. En1 expression in the myotome is concomitant with the appearance of Fgfr4/Pax7-expressing mitotically active myoblasts. This finding suggests that Fgfr4 ϩ /Pax7 ϩ /En1 ϩ cells carry their expression with them when entering the myotome. Furthermore, it suggests that the epaxial-hypaxial boundary of the myotome is established through the late arising, mitotically active myoblasts.

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Section: En1 Expression May Serve As Positional Information For Satelmentioning

confidence: 63%

Establishment of the epaxial–hypaxial boundary in the avian myotome

Ahmed

Cheng

Dietrich

2006

Developmental Dynamics

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“…Studies on avian muscles show that SCs from different muscle fiber types vary in differentiation capacity. SCs from fast fibers only differentiate into fast muscle fibers, while SCs from slow fibers can differentiate into both fiber types 47 . In addition, the percentage of SCs in fast muscle fibers is lower than in slow muscle fibers 48,49 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Characterization of Satellite Cells from Rat Head Branchiomeric Muscles

Monroy

Yablonka–Reuveni

Grefte

et al. 2015

JoVE

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Fibrosis and defective muscle regeneration can hamper the functional recovery of the soft palate muscles after cleft palate repair. This causes persistent problems in speech, swallowing, and sucking. In vitro culture systems that allow the study of satellite cells (myogenic stem cells) from head muscles are crucial to develop new therapies based on tissue engineering to promote muscle regeneration after surgery. These systems will offer new perspectives for the treatment of cleft palate patients. A protocol for the isolation, culture and differentiation of satellite cells from head muscles is presented. The isolation is based on enzymatic digestion and trituration to release the satellite cells. In addition, this protocol comprises an innovative method using extracellular matrix gel coatings of millimeter size, which requires only low numbers of satellite cells for differentiation assays.

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“…Skeletal muscle fibres are post-mitotic and growth involves a population of myogenic progenitor cells (MPCs) that retain the ability to divide. In mammals, there is considerable evidence for heterogeneity in the MPCs from different muscle types in adult stages (Feldman and Stockdale, 1991;Hawke and Garry, 2001;Levin et al, 2001;Mootoosamy and Dietrich, 2002;Tajbakhsh, 2003). For example, MPCs isolated from adult rabbit fast-and slowtwitch muscle differentially express the secreted frizzlerelated protein thought to be involved in cell fate determination (Levin et al, 2001) : 10,7,6,8,7,4,4;PL: 8,8,8;PL: 6,4,8,4.…”

Section: Rearing Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid evolution of muscle fibre number in post-glacial populations of Arctic charrSalvelinus alpinus

Johnston

Abercromby

Vieira

et al. 2004

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY Thingvallavatn, the largest and one of the oldest lakes in Iceland,contains four morphs of Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus. Dwarf benthic (DB), large benthic (LB), planktivorous (PL) and piscivorous (PI)morphs can be distinguished and differ markedly in head morphology,colouration and maximum fork length (FLmax), reflecting their different resource specialisations within the lake. The four morphs in Thingvallavatn are thought to have been isolated for approximately 10 000 years, since shortly after the end of the last Ice Age. We tested the null hypothesis that the pattern of muscle fibre recruitment was the same in all morphs, reflecting their recent diversification. The cross-sectional areas of fast and slow muscle fibres were measured at 0.7 FL in 46 DB morphs, 23 LB morphs, 24 PL morphs and 22 PI morphs, and the ages of the charr were estimated using sacculus otoliths. In fish larger than 10 g, the maximum fibre diameter scaled with body mass(Mb)0.18 for both fibre types in all morphs. The number of myonuclei per cm fibre length increased with fibre diameter, but was similar between morphs. On average, at 60 μm diameter, there were 2264 nuclei cm–1 in slow fibres and 1126 nuclei cm–1 in fast fibres. The absence of fibres of diameter 4–10 μm was used to determine the FL at which muscle fibre recruitment stopped. Slow fibre number increased with body length in all morphs, scaling with Mb0.45. In contrast, the recruitment of fast muscle fibres continued until a clearly identifiable FL, corresponding to 18–19 cm in the dwarf morph, 24–26 cm in the pelagic morph, 32–33 cm in the large benthic morph and 34–35 cm in the piscivorous morph. The maximum fast fibre number(FNmax) in the dwarf morph (6.97×104) was 56.5% of that found in the LB and PI morphs combined(1.23×105) (P<0.001). Muscle fibre recruitment continued until a threshold body size and occurred at a range of ages,starting at 4+ years in the DB morph and 7+ years in the LB and PI morphs. Our null hypothesis was therefore rejected for fast muscle and it was concluded that the dwarf condition was associated with a reduction in fibre number. We then investigated whether variations in development temperature associated with different spawning sites and periods were responsible for the observed differences in muscle cellularity between morphs. Embryos from the DB, LB and PL morphs were incubated at temperature regimes simulating cold subterranean spring-fed sites (2.2–3.2°C) and the general lakebed(4–7°C). Myogenic progenitor cells (MPCs) were identified using specific antibodies to Paired box protein 7 (Pax 7), Forkhead box protein K1-α (FoxK1-α), MyoD and Myf-5. The progeny showed no evidence of developmental plasticity in the numbers of either MPCs or muscle fibres. Juveniles and adult stages of the DB and LB morphs coexist and have a similar diet. We therefore conclude that the reduction in FNmax in the dwarf morph probably has a genetic basis and that gene networks regulating myotube production are under high selection pressure. To explain these findings we propose that there is an optimal fibre size, and hence number,which varies with maximum body size and reflects a trade-off between diffusional constraints on fibre diameter and the energy costs of maintaining ionic gradients. The predictions of the optimal fibre size hypothesis and its consequences for the adaptive evolution of muscle architecture in fishes are briefly discussed.

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Skeletal muscle satellite cell diversity: Satellite cells form fibers of different types in cell culture

Cited by 150 publications

References 47 publications

Establishment of the epaxial–hypaxial boundary in the avian myotome

Establishment of the epaxial–hypaxial boundary in the avian myotome

Isolation and Characterization of Satellite Cells from Rat Head Branchiomeric Muscles

Rapid evolution of muscle fibre number in post-glacial populations of Arctic charrSalvelinus alpinus

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