Skeletal Muscle Characteristics May Inform Preprocedural Risk Stratification in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Patients

Furzan, Alberto; Quraishi, Sadeq A.; Brovman, Ethan Y.; Weintraub, Andrew; Connors, Ann; Allen, David W.; Patel, Prakash A.; Cobey, Frederick C.

doi:10.1053/j.jvca.2020.12.024

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The prevalence of sarcopenia in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement ranges between 21% and 70.2%, depending on the instrument used, degree of impairment, and type of valve replacement. [99][100][101][102] Pre-transcatheter aortic valve replacement sarcopenia is associated with longer hospital lengths of stay, 101,103,104 higher resource use, 105 in-hospital adverse outcomes, 105,106 disability, 107 discharge to a skilled nursing facility, 107 readmission, 108 and higher 30/90-day and long-term mortality 109 (Table S4). The transcatheter aortic valve replacement procedure has substantially improved survival for severe aortic stenosis, but 50% of survivors have sarcopenia, and many of these participants report poor HR-QOL (health-related quality of life) and a decline in their over-all functional status during follow-up.…”

Section: Sarcopenia and Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia and Cardiovascular Diseases

Damluji

Alfaraidhy

Alhajri³

et al. 2023

Circulation

120

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Sarcopenia is the loss of muscle strength, mass, and function, which is often exacerbated by chronic comorbidities including cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and cancer. Sarcopenia is associated with faster progression of cardiovascular diseases and higher risk of mortality, falls, and reduced quality of life, particularly among older adults. Although the pathophysiologic mechanisms are complex, the broad underlying cause of sarcopenia includes an imbalance between anabolic and catabolic muscle homeostasis with or without neuronal degeneration. The intrinsic molecular mechanisms of aging, chronic illness, malnutrition, and immobility are associated with the development of sarcopenia. Screening and testing for sarcopenia may be particularly important among those with chronic disease states. Early recognition of sarcopenia is important because it can provide an opportunity for interventions to reverse or delay the progression of muscle disorder, which may ultimately impact cardiovascular outcomes. Relying on body mass index is not useful for screening because many patients will have sarcopenic obesity, a particularly important phenotype among older cardiac patients. In this review, we aimed to: (1) provide a definition of sarcopenia within the context of muscle wasting disorders; (2) summarize the associations between sarcopenia and different cardiovascular diseases; (3) highlight an approach for a diagnostic evaluation; (4) discuss management strategies for sarcopenia; and (5) outline key gaps in knowledge with implications for the future of the field.

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