Skeletal muscle atrophy in old rats: Differential changes in the three fiber types

Holloszy, John O.; Chen, May; Cartee, Gregory D.; Young, John C.

doi:10.1016/0047-6374(91)90131-i

Cited by 213 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Muscle fiber atrophy and fiber loss are directly related to decrements in force production, and may be regulated by reduced satellite cell function, myonuclei loss, and mitochondrial dysfunction (Allen et al, 1999;Bua et al, 2002;Holloszy et al, 1991;Leeuwenburgh et al, 2005;Peterson, 1995;Siu et al, 2004;Siu et al, 2005;Song et al, 2006;Webster and Blau, 1990). Furthermore, the aging patterns of sarcopenia and increased connective tissue differ depending on the gender and muscle fiber type (Daw et al, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the aging patterns of sarcopenia and increased connective tissue differ depending on the gender and muscle fiber type (Daw et al, 1988). For example, muscles with a high proportion of fast-twitch fibers display greater decrements in fiber number and fiber cross-sectional area with advancing age (Bua et al, 2002;Holloszy et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lifelong exercise and mild (8%) caloric restriction attenuate age-induced alterations in plantaris muscle morphology, oxidative stress and IGF-1 in the Fischer-344 rat

Kim

Kwak

Leeuwenburgh

et al. 2008

Experimental Gerontology

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Muscle atrophy is a highly prevalent condition among older adults, and results from reduced muscle mass and fiber cross-sectional area. Resistive exercise training and moderate (30-40%) caloric restriction may reduce the rate of sarcopenia in animal models. We tested the hypothesis that lifelong, voluntary exercise combined with mild (8%) caloric restriction would attenuate the reduction of muscle fiber cross-sectional area in the rat plantaris. Fischer-344 rats were divided into: young adults (6 mo.) fed ad libitum (YAL); 24 mo. old fed ad libitum (OAL); 24 mo. old on 8% caloric restriction (OCR); lifelong wheel running with 8% CR (OExCR). Plantaris fiber cross-sectional area was significantly lower in OAL than YAL (−27%), but protected in OCR and OExCR, while mass/body mass ratio was preserved in OExCR only. Furthermore, 8% CR and lifelong wheel running attenuated the age-induced increases in extramyocyte space and connective tissue. Citrate synthase activity decreased with age, but was not significantly protected in OCR and OExCR. Total hydroperoxides were higher in OAL than YAL, but were not elevated in OExCR, with no change in MnSOD. IGF-1 levels were lower in OAL (−57%) than YAL, but partially protected in the OExCR group (+51%).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifelong exercise and mild (8%) caloric restriction attenuate age-induced alterations in plantaris muscle morphology, oxidative stress and IGF-1 in the Fischer-344 rat

Kim

Kwak

Leeuwenburgh

et al. 2008

Experimental Gerontology

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“…Investigations on carefully selected, old human beings documented significant correlations between reduction in muscle strength (both isometric and dynamic) and decrease in fibre number and size, specifically the fast twitch ones: type II (2). These functional features are consistent with a significant age-related decay in the activity of several mitochondrial enzymes reported both in muscles from human beings (3) as well as laboratory animals (4). With reference to human studies, also the number of mitochondria per gram of tissue decreases in subjects over 50 years of age (5,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…In these groups, higher percentages of more convoluted and distorted organelles (Plei histograms and distributions in Figs. [2][3][4][5] were also evident. The present findings confirm previous reports documenting a substantial lifespan preservation of muscle mitochondria ultrastructural features not only in physiological aging, but also in a severe pathological condition, such as chronic fatigue syndrome, where a decline of the mitochondrial metabolic competence is reported to be a typical alteration (12,13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

A morphometric study on human muscle mitochondria in aging

Bertoni–Freddari

Fattoretti

Caselli

et al. 2002

AGE

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Mitochondria are dynamic organelles capable of significant changes of their ultrastructural features according to the tissue-specific energy demands. In human biopsies of vastus lateralis and anterior tibialis muscles from young (25.0 _+ 4.4 years), middle-aged (50.4 _+ 7.5 years) and old (75.5+_3.9 years) healthy volunteers, we carried out a morphometric study on subsarcolemmal and intermyofibrillar mitochondria to assess whether age-related alterations of the morphology of these organelles contribute to the muscle performance decay in aging. By computer-assisted methods, we measured: the average area (MAA), the longer diameter (Dmax) and the ratio perimeter to area (pleomorphic index: Plei) of mitochondria. No significant age-related ultrastructural differences were found either in subsarcolemmal or intermyofibrillar organelles. However, in middle-aged as well as in the old group of patients vs. the young one, MAA and Dmax showed a clear trend to decrease, while Plei showed a marked, age-related tendency to increase. Higher percentages of less pleomorphic organelles were found in the youngest group of patients and this was particularly evident in the subsarcolemmal mitochondrial population. In addition to reporting on discrete aspects of mitochondrial ultrastructure, MAA, Dmax and Plei are closely related to each other and provide a reliable index of the muscle mitochondria adaptive response to age. Thus, we interpret our results as indicating a substantial preservation of muscle mitochondrial ultrastructure during aging.

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“…reported that the activities of some enzymes associated with the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, which is involved in the oxidation of glucose and glycogen and consequent energy production, are decreased during aging (30)(31)(32). It may be that less efficient energy production from glucose and glycogen in the aged mice compared with young mice during swimming exercise reduced any difference in glycogen utilization between the mice fed the sea snake lipids and lard diets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Erabu Sea Snake (Laticauda semifasciata) Lipids on the Swimming Endurance of Aged Mice

Shirai

Higuchi

Suzuki

et al. 2007

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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SummaryThe effect of Erabu sea snake ( Laticauda semifasciata ) lipids on the swimming endurance was investigated in aged mice. Fifty three-week-old male Crlj:CD-1 (ICR) mice were fed one of three experimental diets containing either 6% lard, 6% fish oil, or 6% sea snake lipids for 16 wk. The swimming exercise was carried out in an acrylic plastic tank filled with 25 cm of water maintained at 23˚C. Swimming times to exhaustion were measured with a load of 2% of their body weights attached to the tails of the mice. The swimming times to exhaustion of the group that were fed the sea snake lipid diet tended to be longer than those of the lard diet group, and were significantly improved compared with the fish oil diet group ( p Ͻ 0.05). The plasma and muscle lactate levels were significantly lower in the sea snake lipid diet group than in the lard and fish oil diet groups ( p Ͻ 0.05). The liver glycogen and plasma glucose levels of the sea snake lipid diet group did not differ markedly from those of the lard diet group ( p Ͼ 0.05), and were significantly higher than those of the fish oil diet group ( p Ͻ 0.05). These results suggest that an intake of sea snake lipids but not the fish oil, which is also rich in n -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ( n -3 PUFAs), is useful for improving the swimming endurance of aged mice by attenuating lactate production and/or enhancing lactate clearance during swimming exercise, and the n -3 PUFAs contained in the sea snake lipids did little or nothing for this improved endurance.

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Skeletal muscle atrophy in old rats: Differential changes in the three fiber types

Cited by 213 publications

References 30 publications

Lifelong exercise and mild (8%) caloric restriction attenuate age-induced alterations in plantaris muscle morphology, oxidative stress and IGF-1 in the Fischer-344 rat

Lifelong exercise and mild (8%) caloric restriction attenuate age-induced alterations in plantaris muscle morphology, oxidative stress and IGF-1 in the Fischer-344 rat

A morphometric study on human muscle mitochondria in aging

Effect of Erabu Sea Snake (Laticauda semifasciata) Lipids on the Swimming Endurance of Aged Mice

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