Skeletal maturity in Pakistani children

Abstract

Skeletal maturity in 750 normal Pakistani children (400 males, 350 females) aged 1-18 y was determined by the Greulich-Pyle atlas system. Male children during first year and female children during first 2 y of life matured in conformity with Greulich-Pyle standards. After that period mean bone ages were lower than the American standards up to 15 y in males and 13 y in females (at or around puberty), which may be due to malnutrition, ill health or other environmental factors. After puberty bone ages were higher than the American standards indicating earlier maturity in Pakistani than Western children. Hence for the proper evaluation of skeletal age in a given region, a longitudinal study on individuals in that region to establish normal standards is necessary.

Reliability of the methods applied to assess age minority in living subjects around 18 years old

“…= 2; range: [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Of these, 62 were 18 or over at the time of these assessments.…”

Applicability of the skeletal age determination method of Tanner and Whitehouse for forensic age diagnostics

“…The most commonly used and most accepted method of this group worldwide is the atlas method of Greulich and Pyle. Both its clinical [18,23,[26][27][28] and its forensic applicability [38] have been demonstrated in several studies. Due to the more relevant reference population, the atlas method of Thiemann and Nitz can be recommended for forensic age diagnostics as well [31,34,35].…”

Ontogeny of the spheno‐occipital synchondrosis in a modern Queensland, Australian population using computed tomography

“…While an abundance of studies have provided valuable documentation of skeletal growth variation between populations (Garn and Clark, 1976;Rikhasor et al, 1999;Schaefer and Black, 2005), little is known of the degree and causes of intrapopulation variation, which may provide insight into complex patterns of ontogenetic allometric variability within a particular population (Pinhasi et al, 2011). Intrapopulation variation is defined as the biological variation observed within a single population, which is relatively homogenous for environmental, biological and social influences (Vercellotti and Piperata, 2012).…”