1974
DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.1330400211
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Skeletal maturation of the human fetus assessed radiographically on the basis of ossification sequences in the hand and foot

Abstract: In studies of postnatal human development the skeletal maturation of the hand has been found to be a better indicator of general physical maturation than attained body height. For assessment of prenatal human development the Crown‐rump length (CRL) has so far been the most commonly used measure. The object of the present study is to examine the possibility of also using the skeletal maturation of the hand as a maturity indicator in fetal development. The study is based upon a radiographic and histochemical inv… Show more

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Cited by 52 publications
(31 citation statements)
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“…The ossification and fusion of carpal and metacarpal bones prove to be among the most accurate criteria. Data obtained from human material, compiled into the atlas containing reference standards (13,17,25) and age indicators, have been used for many years in pediatric and forensic medicine.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The ossification and fusion of carpal and metacarpal bones prove to be among the most accurate criteria. Data obtained from human material, compiled into the atlas containing reference standards (13,17,25) and age indicators, have been used for many years in pediatric and forensic medicine.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The first is appearance of ossification centers (e.g., Hill, 1939;Gruelich and Pyle, 1950;Noback, 1954;Garn et al, 1967Garn et al, , 1972Kjar 1974;Pryse-Davies et al, 1974;O'Rahilly and Gardner, 1996). Such estimates are usually given as the minimal time of first appearance for specific centers or based on the total number of centers present.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The high CY values for the middle phalanges may be associated with the relatively slow growth rate of the middle phalangeal lengths in the early prenatal period HAND BONE GROWTH ~~n i i r u PRENATAL PERIOD (Garn et ai., 1975) and the delayed appearance of the ossification center of these bones (Kjar, 1974;Mall, 1906;Noback and Robertson, 1951). Thus, catch-up growth of the ossified shaft as well as the whole bone may be taking place after the delayed bone formation.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 93%
“…Likewise, fetal hand bones have been studied with both radiographs (Hill, 1939;Kjar, 1974;Mall, 1906) and histological sections (Burdi et al, 1979;Garn et al, 1975;Kraus and Choi, 1958).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%