Skeletal Complications

Abstract

Overview The skeletal complications of cancer are highly prevalent. Bone metastases are present in approximately 70% of patients with cancer‐related deaths. Skeletal complications can present clinically as pain associated with bone metastases, pathologic fractures, or hypercalcemia. Additionally, several therapies for cancers may have deleterious effect on bone health such as aromatase inhibition in patients with breast cancer. The presence of skeletal metastases often indicates that cure from cancer unlikely. Goals of therapy may shift to palliation and to systemic control with possible prolonged survival. Surgical treatments, medical therapies, including antiresorptive agents, and/or radiation therapy should each be considered to achieve optimal care in patients with skeletal complications of cancer.