Sjögren’s syndrome, the old and the new

Peri, Yogev; Agmon‐Levin, Nancy; Theodor, E; Shoenfeld, Yehuda

doi:10.1016/j.berh.2012.01.012

Cited by 127 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…However, unlike RA and SLE, pSS frequently presents a benign and indolent course, often without the need for immunosuppressive therapy [11]. Therefore, pSS may represent an interesting model to investigate the complex mechanisms underlying ATS progression in patients with chronic inflammatory/autoimmune diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular disease risk burden in primary Sjögren's syndrome: results of a population‐based multicentre cohort study

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Bartoloni E, Baldini C, Schillaci G, Quartuccio L, Priori R, Carubbi F, Bini V, Alunno A, Bombardieri S, De Vita S, Valesini G, Giacomelli R, Gerli R (University of Perugia, Perugia; University of Pisa, Pisa; Terni University Hospital, Terni; University of Udine, Udine; Sapienza University of Rome, Rome; University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila; and University of Perugia, Perugia; Italy). Cardiovascular disease risk burden in primary Sj€ ogren's syndrome: results of a population-based multicentre cohort study. J Intern Med 2015; 278: 185-192.Objective. Systemic autoimmune diseases, in particular systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, are characterized by a high risk of premature cardiovascular (CV) events. Diseaserelated characteristics and traditional CV disease risk factors may contribute to atherosclerotic damage. However, there are limited data on the risk of overt CV events in primary Sj€ ogren's syndrome (pSS).Methods. We retrospectively analysed a cohort of patients with 1343 pSS. Disease-related clinical and laboratory data, traditional CV disease risk factors and overt CV events were recorded. Prevalence of traditional CV disease risk factors and of major CV events was compared between a subgroup of 788 female patients with pSS aged from 35 to 74 years and 4774 age-matched healthy women.Results. Hypertension and hypercholesterolaemia were more prevalent, whereas smoking, obesity and diabetes mellitus were less prevalent, in women with pSS than in control subjects. Cerebrovascular events (2.5% vs. 1.4%, P = 0.005) and myocardial infarction (MI) (1.0% vs. 0.4%, P = 0.002) were more common in patients with pSS. In the whole population, central nervous system involvement (odds ratio (OR) 5.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.35-23.7, P = 0.02) and use of immunosuppressive therapy (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.04-3.70, P = 0.04) were associated with a higher risk of CV events. Patients with leucopenia had a higher risk of angina (P = 0.01).Conclusions. pSS is associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular events and MI. Disease-related clinical and immunological markers may have a role in promoting CV events.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular disease risk burden in primary Sjögren's syndrome: results of a population‐based multicentre cohort study

et al. 2015

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“…Furthermore, it is presumed that the genetic predisposition leading to the increment of type I IFN may explain why this interferon is present in the salivary gland and peripheral blood in pSS patients. HLA-B8 of HLA-DW3, HLA-DR3 and DRW52 have also been reported in pSS patients [13,14]. Other factors responsible for the development of pSS are viral infections -mainly, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) [15]; neurohormonal disturbances in sex hormones [16]; environmental factors causing the disorganization of glandular epithelial cells, which provoke local innate immune response and activate the toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway involving cell apoptosis [5]; the stimulation of the dendritic cells responsible for the production of INF, which, in turn, leads to the proliferation and the differentiation of B cells and to the production of autoantiboidies.…”

Section: Autoimmune Basis Of Sjögren Syndromementioning

confidence: 92%

“…NOS activity was measured in rat submandibular gland tissue by production of [U- 14 C]-citrulline from [U-14C]-arginine according to the procedure described for brain slices [77]. Briefly, after 20-min preincubation in KRB solution, tissues were transferred to 500 ml of prewarmed KRB equilibrated with 5% CO 2 in O 2 in the presence of [U-14C]-arginine (0.5 mCi).…”

Section: Nitric Oxide Synthase (Nos) Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoantibodies against Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor on Exocrine Glands in Sjögren Syndrome

Reina

Borda²

2014

Dentistry

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These investigations demonstrate that serum antibodies against muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR) in primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) and associated Sjögren syndrome (aSS) bind and activate both cholinergic receptors of M 3 in salivary gland and M 1 in neonatal myocardium and in the cerebral frontal cortex area subtypes; triggering the production of the second messengers and proinflammatory mediators related to mAChR activation. In this way the cholinergic autoantibodies damages these receptors, which thus starts acting as an antigen. On this basis M 3 and M 1 mAChR IgG can be considered new markers of pSS/aSS allowing the differentiation between dry eye and mouth of autoimmune and non-autoimmune nature. Given that cholinergic autoantibodies also deregulate the parasympathetic system of the target organs, they can also be seen as a new factor contributing to the etiopathology of the syndrome.

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“…Endocrine symptoms are documented in up to 15% of primary Gougerot disease patients mainly due to concomitant thyroid dysfunction (9). The most common thyroid disorder found was autoimmune thyroiditis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%