“…The overall performance of CO2-based on the cooling structures is exceptionally affected by the ambient temperature, and this has delved the effect of unique cycle designs at variable ambient temperatures. Cortella et al, (2021) mentioned the goods of simulations performed on a trans vital CO 2 booster device with a desuperheater device (DMS) in quite a lot of climates. The simulations aimed to take into account the electrical effectiveness of the device and find the most applicable regulations and schemes to minimize power consumption.…”
Commercial coolers are designed specifically for commercial use in various industries, such as food service, hospitality, and retail. They come in different shapes, sizes, and configurations, with varying features and capabilities depending on the intended use. The most common types are beverage coolers, wine cabinets, ice cream cabinets, glass-front coolers. The cooling system is an important factor to consider when purchasing a commercial cooler, with forced air-cooling being the most common type. Energy consumption can vary depending on size, type, and usage, with many models now designed to be energy-efficient. Other important factors to consider include capacity, noise level, and specific features such as adjustable temperature control, energy efficiency, self-closing doors, safety locks, and interior lighting. The study included an IPD test which determine the time it takes for a commercial cooler designed for cooling beverages to reach the desired temperature from the ambient temperature at the desired range for Aluminum Cans and PET bottles, as well as measuring the energy consumption of a fully stabilized commercial bottle cooler.
“…The overall performance of CO2-based on the cooling structures is exceptionally affected by the ambient temperature, and this has delved the effect of unique cycle designs at variable ambient temperatures. Cortella et al, (2021) mentioned the goods of simulations performed on a trans vital CO 2 booster device with a desuperheater device (DMS) in quite a lot of climates. The simulations aimed to take into account the electrical effectiveness of the device and find the most applicable regulations and schemes to minimize power consumption.…”
Commercial coolers are designed specifically for commercial use in various industries, such as food service, hospitality, and retail. They come in different shapes, sizes, and configurations, with varying features and capabilities depending on the intended use. The most common types are beverage coolers, wine cabinets, ice cream cabinets, glass-front coolers. The cooling system is an important factor to consider when purchasing a commercial cooler, with forced air-cooling being the most common type. Energy consumption can vary depending on size, type, and usage, with many models now designed to be energy-efficient. Other important factors to consider include capacity, noise level, and specific features such as adjustable temperature control, energy efficiency, self-closing doors, safety locks, and interior lighting. The study included an IPD test which determine the time it takes for a commercial cooler designed for cooling beverages to reach the desired temperature from the ambient temperature at the desired range for Aluminum Cans and PET bottles, as well as measuring the energy consumption of a fully stabilized commercial bottle cooler.
“…Indeed, recently, Aranguren et al experimentally investigated the optimum working point of a CO 2 trans-critical cycle coupled with a thermo-electric subcooling system [15]. On the other hand, Cortella et al performed a thermo-economic analysis of a CO 2 trans-critical cycle coupled with a dedicated mechanical subcooling system, highlighting the importance of the optimization, in terms of size and control, of this latter component [16]. In a similar way, Nebot-Andrés et al experimentally optimized the working conditions of a CO 2 trans-critical cycle coupled with a R152a dedicated mechanical subcooling system, in terms of optimal gas cooler pressure and subcooling degree, and proposed two general correlations to determine the optimum gas cooler and intermediate pressure of a CO 2 trans-critical cycle with parallel compression [17,18].…”
Carbon dioxide trans-critical refrigeration systems have been deeply investigated over the last years, with the aim to improve their performance by using several possible technical solutions. However, most of them lead to a more complex and expensive system, and therefore a trade-off is always needed to identify the best viable solution. Therefore, many efforts have also been focused on the study of a critical component of the basic carbon dioxide trans-critical cycle, which is the gas cooler, especially by numerical simulations. This work shows a new flexible approach to numerically model an air-cooled finned-tube CO2 trans-critical gas cooler integrating a Top-Down methodology with a Finite Difference Method to solve the governing equation of the thermodynamic processes involved. The model was developed to reproduce the behavior of an experimental CO2 refrigeration system, which provided the experimental data used for its validation. In detail, the model showed a good agreement with the experimental data, with average deviations of 1 K (0.3%), 0.9 bar (1%) and 0.15 kW (2.8%) regarding the refrigerant outlet temperature, the refrigerant outlet pressure and the rejected heat, respectively. The Top-Down numerical approach slightly outperformed the performance of previous numerical models available in the literature. Furthermore, the analysis of the refrigerant temperature and pressure along the tubes and rows also shows that the model can reproduce their behavior consistently and accordingly to data reported in the literature. The proposed approach can be used for detailed thermo-economic analysis of the whole refrigeration system, with the aim to optimize the design of the gas cooler.
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