Size-resolved aerosol chemical analysis of extreme haze pollution events during early 2013 in urban Beijing, China

Tian, Shili; Pan, Yuepeng; Liu, Zirui; Wen, Tian; Wang, Yuesi

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.07.023

Cited by 188 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…OC, EC, NH 4 were found to be the principal species, accounting for about 82-88 % of the total species in PM 2.5 at each sampling site, which is in line with previous studies (Zhao et al, 2013a; X. J. Zhao et al, 2013;Tian et al, 2014;Huang et al, 2014). As for the proportions of individual species, there were obvious differences between the sampling site of BJ and the sampling sites of BD, WD and DBT.…”

Section: Chemical Composition Of Pm 25 At the Four Sampling Sitessupporting

confidence: 89%

“…A chemical mass closure (CMC) method was adopted by considering secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA, the sum of SO 2− 4 , NO − 3 and NH + 4 ), sea salt and coal combustion (derived from Cl − and Na + ), biomass burning (characterized by K + ), mineral dust, EC, primary organic carbon (POC), secondary organic carbon (SOC) and trace element oxide (TEO; Hsu et al, 2010b;Zhang et al, 2013;Mantas et al, 2014;Tian et al, 2014;Kong et al, 2015).…”

Section: Chemical Mass Closurementioning

confidence: 99%

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The contribution of residential coal combustion to atmospheric PM2. 5 in northern China during winter

et al. 2017

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Abstract. A vast area in northern China, especially during wintertime, is currently suffering from severe haze events due to the high levels of atmospheric PM 2.5 . To recognize the reasons for the high levels of PM 2.5 , daily samples of PM 2.5 were simultaneously collected at the four sampling sites of Beijing city (BJ), Baoding city (BD), Wangdu county (WD) and Dongbaituo (DBT) during the winter and spring of [2014][2015] at DBT than at WD, BD and BJ during the winter of 2015 indicated that the pollutants in the rural area were not due to transportation from neighbouring cities but dominated by local emissions. As the distinct source of atmospheric OC and EC in the rural area, the residential coal combustion also made a contribution to secondary inorganic ions through the emissions of their precursors (NO x , SO 2 , NH 3 and HCl) as well as heterogeneous or multiphase reactions on the surface of OC and EC. The average mass proportions of OC, EC, NO − 3 and SO 2− 4 at BD and WD were found to be very close to those at DBT, but were evidently different from those at BJ, implying that the pollutants in the cities of WD and BD, which are fully surrounded by the countryside, were strongly affected by the residential coal combustion. The OC / EC ratios at the four sampling sites were almost the same value (4.8) when the concentrations of PM 2.5 were greater than 150 µg m −3 , suggesting that the residential coal combustion could also make a dominant contribution to atmospheric PM 2.5 at BJ during the severe pollution period when the air parcels were usually from southwest-south regions, where a high density of farmers reside. The evident increase in the number of the species involved in significant correlations (p < 0.05) from the countryside to the cities further confirmed that residential coal combustion was the dominant source of key species in the rural area. However, the complex sources including local emissions and regional transportation were responsible for the atmospheric species in the cities. Strong correlations among OC, EC, Cl − , NO − . Based on the chemical mass closure (CMC) method, the contributions of the primary particle emission from residential coal combustion to atmospheric PM 2.5 at BJ, BD, WD and DBT were estimated to be 32, 49, 43 and 58 %, respectively.

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Section: Chemical Composition Of Pm 25 At the Four Sampling Sitessupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Chemical Mass Closurementioning

confidence: 99%

The contribution of residential coal combustion to atmospheric PM2. 5 in northern China during winter

et al. 2017

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“…Rare continuous intense air pollution swept the central and eastern regions (Tian et al 2014), among which the Bohai Rim region had the highest PM 2.5 concentrations (Particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter 2.5 mm), being 680 mg/m 3 (Wang et al 2013). This aroused great concern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial-temporal characteristics and determinants of PM2.5 in the Bohai Rim Urban Agglomeration

2016

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“…작용 때문에 오래전부터 많은 관심을 가져왔다 (Sun et al, 2014;Tian et al, 2014;Park et al, 2013a;Zhang et al, 2013;Duan et al, 2012;Tan et al, 2009;Kang et al, 2004 (Park et al, 2013a;Won et al, 2010;Park et al, 2005), SO 4 2-입자는 주로 광역적 오염원의 장거리 이동 중 SO 2 의 대기변환과정을 통하여 생성되 며 여름에 발생하는 PM 2.5 의 고농도 현상의 원인물질 이 된다 (Won et al, 2010). 관련이 있다고 하였다 (Zhang et al, 2013;Duan et al, 2012;Okuda et al, 2004).…”

Section: 연무 오염은 인간의 건강 시정 지구 기후에 대한 부unclassified

Investigation of PM2.5 Pollution Episodes in Gwangju

Yu¹,

Cho²,

Bae³

et al. 2015

Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment

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Abstract24-hr integrated PM 2.5 measurements were performed between December 2013 and October 2014 at an urban site in Gwangju and the collected samples were analyzed for organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), ionic species, and elemental species. Objectives of this study were to identify PM 2.5 pollution episodes, to characterize their chemical components, and to examine their probable origins. Over the course of the study period, average PM 2.5 concentration was 37.7±23.6 (6.0~121.5) μg/m 3 . Concentrations of secondary ionic species; NH 4 + , NO 3 -, and SO 4 2-was on average 5.54 μg/m 3 (0.28~20.86), 7.60 μg/m 3 (0.45~33.53), and 9.05 μg/m 3 (0.50~34.98), accounting for 13.7% (4.6~22.7), 18.6% (2.9~44.8), and 22.9% (4.9~55.1) of the PM 2.5 concentration, respectively. Average OC and EC concentrations were 5.22 μgC/m 3 and 1.54 μgC/m 3 , taking possession of 4.6 and 22.2% (as organic mass) of the PM 2.5 , respectively. Frequencies at which 24-hr averaged PM 2.5 exceeded a 24-hr averaged Korean PM 2.5 standard of 50 μg/m 3 (termed as an "episode" in this study) were 30, accounting for 21.3% of total 141 measurements. These pollution episodes were mostly associated with haze phenomenon and weak surface wind speed. It is suggested that secondary formation of aerosol was one important formation mechanism of the episodes. The episodes were associated with enhancements of organic mass, NO 3 -and SO 4 2-in winter, of NO 3 -and SO 4 2-in spring, and of SO 4 2-in summer. Potential source contribution function results indicate also that PM 2.5 episodes were likely attributed to local and regional haze pollution transported from northeastern China in winter, to atmospheric processing of local emissions rather than long-range transport of air pollutants in spring, and to the SO 4 2-driven by photochemistry of SO 2 in summer.

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Size-resolved aerosol chemical analysis of extreme haze pollution events during early 2013 in urban Beijing, China

Cited by 188 publications

References 55 publications

The contribution of residential coal combustion to atmospheric PM<sub>2. 5</sub> in northern China during winter

The contribution of residential coal combustion to atmospheric PM<sub>2. 5</sub> in northern China during winter

Spatial-temporal characteristics and determinants of PM2.5 in the Bohai Rim Urban Agglomeration

Investigation of PM<sub>2.5</sub> Pollution Episodes in Gwangju

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Size-resolved aerosol chemical analysis of extreme haze pollution events during early 2013 in urban Beijing, China

Cited by 188 publications

References 55 publications

The contribution of residential coal combustion to atmospheric PM&lt;sub&gt;2. 5&lt;/sub&gt; in northern China during winter

The contribution of residential coal combustion to atmospheric PM&lt;sub&gt;2. 5&lt;/sub&gt; in northern China during winter

Spatial-temporal characteristics and determinants of PM2.5 in the Bohai Rim Urban Agglomeration

Investigation of PM<sub>2.5</sub> Pollution Episodes in Gwangju

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The contribution of residential coal combustion to atmospheric PM<sub>2. 5</sub> in northern China during winter

The contribution of residential coal combustion to atmospheric PM<sub>2. 5</sub> in northern China during winter