Size of cartilage defects and the need for repair: a systematic review

Influence of Concomitant Meniscal Allograft Transplantation on Midterm Outcomes After Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation: A Comparative Matched-Pair Analysis

“…The groups were similar with respect to mean preoperative Tegner score (4. 27 24-129 months] for the OCAT 1 MAT group; P = .84), and mean preoperative ICRS grade (P . .05).…”

“…5,16,38 First described as early as 1908 by Eric Lexer, OCAT has become the gold standard for the treatment of cartilage defects .2 cm 2 , with well-established safety, efficacy, and durability. 27,36,39 Research conducted over the past several decades has improved our understanding of the physiology of graft incorporation and the conditions that lead to improved graft survivorship. The technique allows for the simultaneous transplantation of cartilage and underlying bone, enabling clinicians to address pathology extending beyond the subchondral plate if needed.…”

“…10,32,46,50 When conducted individually, both procedures exhibit favorable mid- to long-term outcomes, with success rates ranging from 64% to 93% at 5 to 10 years after transplantation. 2,10,12,17,27,30,50 The use of freshly obtained allografts, typically implanted within 24 to 48 hours of donor expiration, has led to enduring graft survival rates of 66% to 69% even after 20 years. 12 Nevertheless, the co-occurrence of meniscal and chondral lesions within the same knee often necessitates a combined repair strategy for patients with multifaceted knee issues encompassing chondral lesions, meniscal deficiency, and occasionally ligamentous instability and malalignment.…”

Autologous chondrocyte implantation for treatment of articular cartilage defects in the knee and ankle of football (soccer) players

“…ACI is indicated for the treatment of chondral defects of the knee with a size > 2 cm 2 ; large osteochondral defects > 2 cm 2 in combination with bone grafting if the depth of the defect is > 8 mm; and for all types of chondral and osteochondral defects with previously failed other types of cartilage repair. 40 Several randomized controlled trials have demonstrated ACI has superior clinical outcomes and better structure repair compared to scar formation after microfracture in the general population. 41 , 42 , 38 Results for cartilage restoration techniques in football players are described in several cohort studies, which underline the beneficial impact of ACI on outcome parameters within the last decade.…”