Size does matter: further studies in hand–pack interaction using computer simulation

Yoxall, Alaster; Luxmoore, J.; Rowson, Jennifer; Langley, Joe; Janson, R.

doi:10.1002/pts.778

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Designers strive to gain more insight into the opening process with the aim of making it easy for most users. Different analysis tools for packaging design have recently come into wide use, including finite element analysis, mathematical modeling, and Monte‐Carlo simulation . Practically, an efficient package can be achieved through understanding user requirements that can be used as guidelines to assess package performance .…”

Section: Package Openingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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State of the art of user packaging interaction (UPI)

Mumani

Stone

2018

Packag Technol Sci

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User packaging interaction (UPI) has evolved in packaging research because of its importance to users, manufacturers, and designers. A great deal of work addressing problems and suggesting potential improvements has been directed toward UPI. However, this work is not easily accessible to researchers as it lacks a cohesive structure. This paper serves as a platform for UPI researchers by presenting previous work UPI in an organized structure based on stages of interaction. Over 100 articles were reviewed to identify the scope of research in this area and then categorized according to stages of interaction. During the review of more articles, these stages of interaction were modified to ensure that they reflected all the reviewed articles. The review process resulted in the enumeration of the following stages: at point of purchase, checking out, handling, opening, and disposal. The related articles in each category are presented and discussed, and potential future work is presented. The articles were further categorized according to the age and gender of users under test, and packaging and product types considered. The review process has revealed different issues in the current research structure of UPI including the comprehensibility of the conducted research and the distribution of the reviewed articles. On the basis of this review, a model is proposed for improving the UPI by quantitatively evaluating the package design and affordances provided at each interaction stage.

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Section: Package Openingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yoxall et al, 158 Hensler et al, 159 Lin et al, 160 and Yoxall and Rowson 161 It is important to consider the user and package performance. Yoxall et al, 162,165 Han et al, 164 and…”

Section: Packaging Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

State of the art of user packaging interaction (UPI)

Mumani

Stone

2018

Packag Technol Sci

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“…For example, Han et al have investigated that the relationship between tab ring shape and the feelings in the fingertip when opening aluminum beverage cans; and they have concluded that the tab with a larger contact area with finger is better 1 . Openability of the bottle caps, which is one of a demand of aluminum beverage bottles for consumers' satisfaction, has been studied by some researchers [2][3][4][5][6][7] . However, these researchers have not determined the optimum opening diameter that is easy to open.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Evaluation Function for Openability of Opening Diameter of Aluminum Beverage Bottles and Its Application to Optimum Design

Chihara¹,

Yamazaki²,

Sobajima³

et al. 2010

13th AIAA/ISSMO Multidisciplinary Analysis Optimization Conference

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The present paper proposes an evaluation function of openability considering the transition of gripping postures, i.e. two-finger gripping and three-finger gripping, so as to evaluate opening ease of aluminum beverage bottles and to specify the rigorous dimension of the cap diameter that is best suited for consumers' satisfaction. First, we have investigated effects of cap diameter on the gripping postures. It is found that subjects tend to shift the gripping posture from two-finger gripping (gripping with thumb and first finger) to threefinger gripping (gripping with thumb, first, and second finger) with increase of the opening diameter. An evaluation function is defined as a ratio between maximum torques that consumers can apply and a required torque for opening. In addition, the cap diameter is the only design variable, and the thumb length, which associates with the transition of the gripping postures and a maximum gripping force, is selected as a state variable in order to take individual differences into consideration. Moreover, an evaluation function is formulated considering the transition of the gripping postures of consumers. The function is composed by using the data obtained from measurement of the maximum gripping force, the maximum torque, and the thumb length, and then the function is optimized. The result of optimization has shown that the optimum opening diameter is obtained at 28.0 mm in case of the subjects.

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“…For example, a package must contain information required by law, such as nutritional content and net weight and to maximize its convenience or utility functions, it should be simple to hold, open, use, and (if appropriate) reclose by the consumer (Yoxall et al, 2007). A range of variables influence packaging developments.…”

Section: Human Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is the environment in which the package is handled by people, and designing packages for this environment requires knowledge of the strengths and frailties of human vision, human strength and weakness, dexterity, memory, cognitive behavior, and so on (Yoxall et al, 2007). For example, a package must contain information required by law, such as nutritional content and net weight and to maximize its convenience or utility functions, it should be simple to hold, open, use, and (if appropriate) reclose by the consumer (Yoxall et al, 2007).…”

Section: Human Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Vacuum Packaging on the Physical Properties, Solubility, and Storage Space of Dairy Powders

Eshpari

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As many of the dairy powders manufactured have to travel long distances to reach their customers, both domestically and internationally, there is considerable interest among dairy powder manufacturers to maintain the quality of their products for relatively long storage periods. Dairy powders can have a long shelf life if packaged and stored properly. Vacuum packaging can be an attractive packaging strategy to maintain the quality of dairy powders and provide added value by improving the efficiency of using the storage space; because of the inherent compactness of these products. Vacuum packaged dry dairy ingredients may also have added ease of handling for end users.However, little is known about the impact of vacuum packaging on the physical properties of dry dairy ingredients. The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of vacuum packaging over 12 months storage on particle size, particle density, bulk density, tapped density, flowability, compressibility, color, moisture content, surface morphology, and solubility of six types of dairy powders. In addition, the effect of dairy ingredients type was also assessed. Commercial samples of nonfat dry milk powder, whole milk powder, buttermilk powder, milk protein Isolate, whey protein concentrate#80, and sweet whey powder were repackaged in duplicate using multi-wall foil side gusseted bags under varying degrees of vacuum (1, 0.7, 0.4 bar) and a control with no vacuum, then stored for 3, 6, and 12 months at 25°C and 60% relative humidity.v Each powder was sampled and analyzed in duplicate for all the above listed quality attributes, upon receiving the powder and after 3, 6, and 12 months of storage.Moreover, the effect of vacuum packaging on storage space was evaluated comparing three different models; Model (1) represented a 25 kg bag of atmospheric packaged non fat dry milk with the actual dimensions of a commercial 25 kg bag of non fat dry milk. Model (2), a hypothetical model, represented a 25 kg bag of vacuum packaged non fat dry milk with a length and a width equal to those of model (1). Model (3), another hypothetical model, also represented a 25 kg bag of vacuum packaged non fat dry milk with a length equal to half of a pallet width and a width equal to one third of a pallet length, in order to achieve the highest pallet efficiency possible. The pallet used for all three models was considered to be a (48 × 40) pallet. The height of models 2 and 3 was allowed to reflect the bulk reduction effect of vacuum packaging and was determined based on the weight, density and the known dimensions of the bags. It is important to note that the density of models 2 and 3 was assumed to be equal to the density of a small bag of nonfat dry milk. The saved space per bag and pallet efficiency of vacuum packaging and atmospheric packaging were compared using the three models described above.Physical properties analyses of the dairy powders revealed statistically significant effect of vacuum pressure on only color values: L-, a-, and b but none of the other po...

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Size does matter: further studies in hand–pack interaction using computer simulation

Cited by 18 publications

References 4 publications

State of the art of user packaging interaction (UPI)

State of the art of user packaging interaction (UPI)

Development of Evaluation Function for Openability of Opening Diameter of Aluminum Beverage Bottles and Its Application to Optimum Design

Evaluation of Vacuum Packaging on the Physical Properties, Solubility, and Storage Space of Dairy Powders

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