Size‐Dependent and Self‐Catalytic Gold@Prussian Blue Nanoparticles for the Electrochemical Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide

Abstract

Prussian blue (PB) nanoparticle (NP)-based nanomaterials have become a subject of intense interest, because of their intriguing physical and chemical properties that differ from their bulk counterparts, leading to novel applications in electrocatalysis. However, the size effect of PB NPs on the electrocatalytic performance is still ambiguous and hinders further applications for the study of biomimetic sensors. In this work, a new approach to synthesize core-shell Au@PB NPs is presented, using gold nanoparticles as catalysts for the fabrication of size-controllable, highly stable, water-soluble, biologically compatible and highly electrochemically active PB NPs. As a result, all sizes of Au@PB NPs display high electrochemical activity towards peroxidase biomimicry. Furthermore, the size effect of PB-based electrocatalysis has been investigated, showing the best performance for 18 nm Au@PB NPs. This insight could be used for the design and application of PBbased nanomaterials in biosensors.

Hybrid nanostructures based on gold nanoparticles and functional coordination polymers: Chemistry, physics and applications in biomedicine, catalysis and magnetism

“…Adapted from [160]. [148,149,165], toxins [166] and protein molecules such as a-1-Fetoprotein [150]. Indeed, the presence of Au increases the recorded current, which facilitates the detection of a given molecule.…”

“…c) Electrochemical and catalytic performance as a function of Au NPs core size, Au@PB NPs size and PB thickness. Adapted from [165]. d) Application of Au-CuCoPBA nanostructures for the detection of ochratoxin a toxin by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.…”

Nanoheterostructures based on nanosized Prussian blue and its Analogues: Design, properties and applications

“…This situation may be considered as the most relevant in nanoheterostructures, where core and shell materials present different crystalline parameters or important mismatch lattices differences, such as for instance in well definite gold core@PB(A)s nanoheterostructures. [164], [165], [166], [167], [168], [169] A core@satellites topology can be considered as an extreme situation, which corresponds to a partial coverage of the surface core resulting from an important difference between the crystallographic parameters of different components or arising from the employment of specific synthetic conditions. Such morphology is mainly represented by PB(A)s core @metal (oxide) satellites nano-objects.…”

“…Moreover, recently reported Au@PB system based on this synthetic approach indicates that a true core@shell morphology can be obtained only in the case of very small Au nanoparticles of 3 nm, and a gold core aggregation happened when the size of the gold nanoparticles increased. [169] The first work demonstrating the formation of true core@shell nanoparticles with a clearly distinguished Au core and PB(A) shell and an interface was published by Y. Guari and coll. [165], [166], [168] The employed original two-step strategy consists in: (i) the synthesis of cyanide-stabilized gold nanoparticles in water by reduction of the dicyanoaurate precursor [Au(CN)2]  by potassium borohydride, [167] and (ii) the subsequent time-controlled growth of the cyano-bridged coordination polymer shell on the surface of these gold nanoparticles (Figure 7a).…”

Facile construction of an Ag/MoSe2 composite based non-enzymatic amperometric sensor for hydrogen peroxide

“…Noble metals, such as Au, Ag, and Pt, and other metals have been used as catalysts to detect hydrogen peroxide. [17][18][19] Among them, Ag is an ideal choice for the basal material because of its excellent catalytic activity, highest conductivities, good stability, biocompatibility and relatively low price level. 20 However, free nanoparticles (NPs) are prone to irreversible aggregation resulting from the collision frequency and high surface energy, and thus decrease the analytical performance.…”