Size-Controlled Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized in Solution Plasma

Predictor Packing in Developing Unprecedented Shaped Colloidal Particles

“…Mainly, four approaches remained under operation: (1) DC plasma discharge in contact to liquid [26][27][28][29], (2) DC glow discharge plasma in contact to liquid [30], (3) pulse plasma discharge inside the liquid [31][32][33][34][35][36], and (4) gas-liquid interface discharge [37]. Hydrogen peroxide was the most probable reaction mechanism to synthesize gold nanoparticles [26][27][28][29].…”

“…The influence of Brownian motion along with the surface charge of nanoparticles explained their stability [35] and negatively charged surface of nanoparticles kept them away from agglomeration [36]. Gold nanoplates and nano-rods developed at the surface of solution and spherical-shaped particles in the solution [37].…”

Synthesis of mono-dispersed nanofluids using solution plasma

“…Figure 2(b) shows the profile of H b line (scattered points) fitted with a Voigt line profile (red curve), from which the full width at half maximum (FWHM) was found to be 2.34 nm and the electron density was calculated from the equation: FWHM ¼ 4:800  ðn e  10 À23 Þ 0:68 . 9,16 The average n e was calculated to be 3.4 6 1.1  10 22 m À3 .…”

“…[4][5][6] Recently, our research group has proposed a new SPPmethod that produces NPs with controlled size-distribution, high dispersibility, allows various compositions, and surroundings in an aqueous solution. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Compared to the chemical methods SPP displays much shorter processing times (from a few minutes up to a several tens of minutes) takes place at room temperature and atmospheric pressure and uses only low energy plasma. The novelty of our SPP method is that the plasma operates in glow discharge limits that in turn offer a suitable medium to control the chemical reactions inside the solutions.…”

“…The novelty of our SPP method is that the plasma operates in glow discharge limits that in turn offer a suitable medium to control the chemical reactions inside the solutions. This is possible because the plasma generates hydrogen, hydroxyl and oxygen radicals, and also electrons The electrons are reducing the gold ion to a neutral atom without any reduction agent The SPP method is able to control the composition by using a combination of reduction reactions with simultaneous eroding of the electrodes, 10 and to control the size by tuning the surrounding chemistry of the gold NPs, [7][8][9] or by simply adjusting the solution temperature during the process In this research, small sized gold NPs directly synthesized in solution which display enhanced thermal conductivity and dispersion stability that are important for nanofluid applications.…”