Size and Surface Charge Dependent Impregnation of Nanoparticles in Soft- and Hardwood

Abstract

Recent progress in wood preservative research has led to the use of insoluble copper carbonate in the form of nano- to micron-sized particles in combination with known triazole fungicides to combat fungal decay and thus decrease physical material properties. Evidently, particle-based agents could lead to issues regarding impregnation of a micro-structured material like wood. In this study, we analyzed these limitations via silicon dioxide particles in impregnation experiments of pine and beech wood. In our experiments, we showed that limitations already existed prior to assumed particle size thresholds of 400–600 nm. In pine wood, 70 nm sized particles were efficiently impregnated, in contrast to 170 nm particles. Further we showed that surface functionalized silica nanoparticles have a major impact on the impregnation efficiency. Silica surfaces bearing amino groups were shown to have strong interactions with the wood cell surface, whereas pentyl chains on the SiO2 surfaces tended to lower the particle–wood interaction. The acquired results illustrate an important extension of the currently limited knowledge of nanoparticles and wood impregnation and contribute to future improvements in the field of particle-based wood preservatives.

Silver Nanoparticles and Chitosan Oligomers Composites as Poplar Wood Protective Treatments against Wood-Decay Fungi and Termites

“…The findings of this research contribute valuable insights to the field of wood preservation, aligning with the contemporary trend of seeking protective products that demonstrate greater consideration for environmental sustainability and human health [3,31,41].…”

A review on the synthesis and applications of sustainable copper-based nanomaterials

“…In the second case, a certain amount of precursor in the gas form is filled in the pore volume of the support, which is termed dry or incipient wetness impregnation (DI). 105,106 In these two impregnation routes, some factors affect the as-prepared catalysts such as temperature, pressure and concentration of the precursor. Nowadays, this method has been described for the synthesis of a variety of supported NMs catalysts.…”

Oil in Water Nanoemulsions Loaded with Tebuconazole for Populus Wood Protection against White- and Brown-Rot Fungi

“…The latter governs the adhesion of the formulations to the wood [76]. Furthermore, the wood pores has an average diameter in the range 400-600 nm [77], which limits the use of aqueous formulation containing micron sized particles [78][79][80]. However, the size of droplets of the impregnation mixtures developed in this work (around 30 nm) may favor a fast penetration of the tebuconazole through the wood pores excluding the water, which makes of the developed formulations suitable candidates for an optimal impregnation of the wood.…”