Size and shape analysis of <i>Trioza erytreae</i> Del Guercio (Hemiptera: Triozidae), vector of citrus huanglongbing disease

Aidoo, Owusu Fordjour; Tanga, Chrysantus M.; Paris, Thomson M.; Allan, Sandra A.; Mohamed, Samira A.; Khamis, Fathiya M.; Sétamou, Mamoudou; Borgemeister, Christian; Ekesi, Sunday

doi:10.1002/ps.5176

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Harv. and Oricia sp., were reported (Aidoo, Tanga, Paris, et al, ; Van den Berg, ) and recommended similar investigations in other pest‐affected areas. In addition, T. erytreae population fluctuation is driven by various climatic factors including temperature, vapour pressure deficit, rainfall and light (Cook et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…An earlier study reported that ACT prefers leaves of lemon over other host plants for reproduction (Aidoo, Tanga, Paris, et al, ; Moran, ; Moran & Buchan, ). However, we found higher mean numbers of ACT immature stages (eggs and nymphs), galls and infested leaves on citrumelo than on the other cultivars, which might be partially attributed to volatiles produced by citrumelo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The females lay their eggs exclusively on newly emerged flush shoots on which immature life stages of ACT complete their development. The adults can live up to three months and even under drought conditions can still survive on their host plants ( Van den Berg, 1990 (Aidoo, Tanga, Paris, et al, 2018;Van den Berg, 1990) and recommended similar investigations in other pest-affected areas. In addition, T. erytreae population fluctuation is driven by various climatic factors including temperature, vapour pressure deficit, rainfall and light (Cook et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution, degree of damage and risk of spread of Trioza erytreae (Hemiptera: Triozidae) in Kenya

Aidoo

Tanga

Mohamed

et al. 2019

J Applied Entomology

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The African citrus triozid (ACT), Trioza erytreae Del Guercio, is a destructive pest particularly on citrus, and vectors, “Candidatus” Liberibacter africanus (CLaf), which is the causal agent of the African citrus greening disease. Our study seeks to establish the distribution and host‐plant relationship of ACT across citrus production areas in Kenya. We also modelled the risk of spread using the maximum entropy modelling algorithm with known occurrence data. Our results infer that ACT is widely distributed and causes severe damage to four alternative host plants belonging to the family Rutaceae. The adults, immature stages (eggs and nymphs), galls and the percentage of infested leaves were significantly higher in shaded than unshaded trees. However, adult ACTs preferred Kenyan highlands to Victoria Lake and coastal regions. The average area under the curve of the model predictions was 0.97, indicating an optimal model performance. The environmental variables that most influenced the prediction were the precipitation of wettest quarter, precipitation of wettest month, mean diurnal range, temperature seasonality and mean temperature of the coldest quarter. The current prediction of ACT exceeded its existing range, especially in the Western, Nyanza, Central, Rift valley and Eastern regions of Kenya. The model predicted a contraction of suitable habitats for a potential spread in 2040 with an inland shift to higher altitudes in the cooler regions. The potential for further expansion to climatically suitable areas was more pronounced for the 2080 forecast. These findings provide relevant information to improve monitoring/surveillance and designing IPM strategies to limit its spread and damage.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution, degree of damage and risk of spread of Trioza erytreae (Hemiptera: Triozidae) in Kenya

Aidoo

Tanga

Mohamed

et al. 2019

J Applied Entomology

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“…One seedling of each host plant was selected and placed in a portable rearing cage measuring 40 × 40 × 60 cm (Model No. : BYC‐003, Fujian, China) (Aidoo et al, ). No fertilizer was applied to the plants during the experimental period.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Insects were kept in diseased‐free seedlings in portable collapsible rearing cages made up of polyester mesh and steel wire (40 × 40 × 60 cm) with one side clear view (vinyl) and another side with a zipper opening (Model No. : BYC‐003) (Aidoo et al, ) under controlled conditions of 12L:12D photoperiod, mean daily temperature 22 ± 2°C and relative humidity (r.h.) of 70% ± 5%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host suitability and feeding preference of the African citrus triozid Trioza erytreae Del Guercio (Hemiptera: Triozidae), natural vector of “Candidatus Liberibacter africanus”

Aidoo

Tanga

Khamis

et al. 2018

J Applied Entomology

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African citrus greening (ACGD) and huanglongbing (HLB) diseases are the most damaging diseases of citrus worldwide. Currently, the disease has no cure and has been attributed to the collapse of the citrus industry in several countries. In Africa, the causative agent “Candidatus” Liberibacter africanus is vectored by African citrus triozid (ACT) Trioza erytreae Del Guercio (Hemiptera: Triozidae). African citrus triozid is native to Africa but has been recently reported in Asia and Europe. Apart from citrus, Murraya koenigii (L.) and Clausena anisata (Willd) Hook. F. ex Benth. are also considered as preferred host plants. At present, there is scant information on host plant suitability and preference of T. erytreae. Also, there are contradictory reports on its reproduction and survival on rutaceous and non‐rutaceous host plants. In the present study, we tested the suitability and preference of rutaceous and non‐rutaceous trees and shrubs as potential ACT host plants in choice and no‐choice bioassays. The development from egg to the adult stage was longest on Calodendrum capense (Wright & Arn.) Engl. Host plants of superior quality accordingly to several ACT's biological parameters measured also revealed significantly higher morphometric characteristics. Our findings on the host status of the five rutaceous plants imply that these plants can greatly influence the population dynamics of ACT as well as the epidemiology of ACGD, and these can be a useful guide in the area‐wide management of the pest in Kenya.

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Lemon Terpenes Influence Behavior of the African Citrus Triozid Trioza erytreae (Hemiptera: Triozidae)

et al. 2019

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The African citrus triozid, Trioza erytreae Del Guercio (Hemiptera: Triozidae) is one of the primary vectors of the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter spp. which causes citrus greening, a disease of global economic importance in citrus production. Despite its economic importance, little is known about its chemical ecology. Here, we used behavioral assays and chemical analysis to study the chemical basis of interaction between T. erytreae and one of its preferred host plants, Citrus jambhiri. In dual choice Y-tube olfactometer assays, lemon leaf odors attracted females but not males compared to plain air or solvent controls. However, in a petri dish arena assay, both sexes were arrested by lemon leaf odors. Coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis revealed quantitative differences in the odors of flushing and mature leaves, dominated by terpenes. Twenty-six terpenes were identified and quantified. In Petri dish arena assays, synthetic blends of the most abundant terpenes mimicking lemon flushing leaf odors elicited varying behavioral responses from both sexes of T. erytreae. A nine-component blend and a blend of the three most abundant terpenes; limonene, sabinene and β-ocimene arrested both sexes of T. erytreae. In contrast, a six-component blend lacking in these three components elicited an avoidance response in both sexes. Furthermore, both sexes of T. erytreae preferred the three-component synthetic blend to lemon crude volatile extract. These results suggest that lemon terpenes might be used in the management of T. erytreae.

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Size and shape analysis of Trioza erytreae Del Guercio (Hemiptera: Triozidae), vector of citrus huanglongbing disease

Cited by 15 publications

References 69 publications

Distribution, degree of damage and risk of spread of Trioza erytreae (Hemiptera: Triozidae) in Kenya

Distribution, degree of damage and risk of spread of Trioza erytreae (Hemiptera: Triozidae) in Kenya

Host suitability and feeding preference of the African citrus triozid Trioza erytreae Del Guercio (Hemiptera: Triozidae), natural vector of “Candidatus Liberibacter africanus”

Lemon Terpenes Influence Behavior of the African Citrus Triozid Trioza erytreae (Hemiptera: Triozidae)

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