Size and phospholipid coating of lipid droplets in the diet of young mice modify body fat accumulation in adulthood

Abstract

Background: In addition to contemporary lifestyle factors that contribute to the increased obesity prevalence worldwide, early nutrition is associated with sustained effects on later life obesity. We hypothesized that physical properties of dietary lipids contribute to this nutritional programming. We developed a concept infant formula (IMF) with large, phospholipidcoated lipid droplets (Nuturis; Danone Research, Paris, France) and investigated its programming effect on metabolic phenotype later in life. Methods: Male c57Bl/6j mice were fed a control formula (control IMF) or Nuturis (concept IMF) diet between postnatal day (PN)16 and PN42. all mice were subsequently fed a Western-style diet (WsD) until PN126. Body composition was monitored repeatedly by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry between PN42 and PN126. results: concept IMF slightly increased lean body mass as compared with control IMF at PN42 but did not affect fat mass. Upon 84 d of WsD feeding, the concept IMF group showed reduced fat accumulation as compared with control IMF. In addition, fasting plasma leptin, resistin, glucose, and lipids were significantly lower in the concept IMF group. conclusion: Large phospholipid-coated lipid droplets in young mice reduced fat accumulation and improved metabolic profile in adulthood. These data emphasize that physical properties of early dietary lipids contribute to metabolic programming.

Scientific Opinion on the essential composition of infant and follow-on formulae

“…It has been proposed that, specifically, LCPUFAs may be better utilised if supplied in PLs owing to increased absorption and tissue incorporation (Abrahamse et al, 2012). Furthermore, as constituents of the membranes of all cells in the infant, PLs are involved in a variety of physiological processes, but these are usually not expected to be influenced by dietary intake of PLs (German, 2011;Küllenberg et al, 2012;Oosting et al, 2012;Tanaka et al, 2013). Few studies have looked at functional consequences of inclusion of PLs in IF.…”

Towards infant formula biomimetic of human milk structure and digestive behaviour

“…Further proofs of evidence of lipids being involved in programming other functions were obtained in 2010 in animal models (rodents) by two research groups (Innis et al, 2010;Oosting et al, 2010). These results were obtained on non-dairy lipids but paved the way for further investigations on 'dairy lipid structure and programming' conducted just after by Oosting et al (2011Oosting et al ( , 2012Oosting et al ( , 2014.…”

“…Thus the particle size distribution, emulsion interfacial composition and organization is very close, although not totally similar, to HM (Gallier et al, 2015). The administration during the neonatal period (from day 16 to 42) of this Nuturis ® formula in mice, followed by a western diet challenge, resulted during adulthood to lower fat accumulation, lower fasting plasma leptin, resistin, glucose and lipid (TG and total cholesterol) than in the group fed conventional formula (Oosting et al, 2012). The mechanisms underlying this nutritional programming effects of Nuturis ® remained at this stage unclear and very likely plurifactorial.…”

“…Considering the striking difference in size and interfacial composition between classic IF and HM, (Oosting et al, 2012) investigated, still in an animal model (mice), whether the administration of a concept 'more breastmilk like' formula compared to a standard formula could program adult body composition and metabolism. The concept IF Nuturis ® (WO2013135739A1) is based on large vegetable fat droplets (mode, i.e.…”

Place des lipides dans l’alimentation du nourrisson

“…Des donnees experimentales recentes suggerent que la taille et la structure des globules gras du lait seraient des parametres determinants dans les effets benefiques a long terme de l'allaitement maternel, notamment en ce qui concerne la protection contre le syndrome metabolique et l'obesite (Oosting et al, 2012). Pendant la periode de developpement chez la souris (du sevrage au stade jeune adulte), la consommation d'un regime lacte compose de globules lipidiques de grande taille (10 mm) et entouree d'une membrane phospholipidique reduit de 25 % la masse totale de tissu adipeux et la teneur circulante en leptine a l'âge adulte, comparativement a un regime dont la structure des gouttelettes est caracteristique de celle des laits infantiles (Oosting et al, 2012). Cet effet anti-obesite s'accompagne egalement d'une amelioration du statut metabolique de l'animal et plus specifiquement de la sensibilite a l'insuline (reduction de l'index HOMA, de la glycemie a jeun et du taux circulant de resistine).…”