Size and Distribution of Lymph Nodes in Rectal Cancer Resection Specimens

Langman, Gerald; Patel, A.; Bowley, Douglas M.

doi:10.1097/dcr.0000000000000321

Cited by 65 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…It has also been reported that the greatest dimension of 45.4% (79 out of 174) resected lymph nodes was below 5 mm . Besides, another study demonstrated that 95 out of 334 (28%) metastatic lymph nodes were less than 3 mm in diameter . In our study, we found that the average quantity of lymph nodes below 5 mm in greatest dimension in the ACN group was significantly more than in the control group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Effect of activated carbon nanoparticles on lymph node harvest in patients with colorectal cancer

et al. 2019

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Aim The aim was to examine the effect of activated carbon nanoparticles (ACNs) on lymph node retrieval in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Methods This prospective randomized study of 80 subjects was performed between March 2016 and December 2016. Eighty patients with CRC were randomly divided into two groups, the ACN group and a control group. The patients in the ACN group were subjected to 1 ml of ACN injection in the subserosa around the tumour before colectomy and D3 lymphadenectomy. The patients in the control group received the same procedure without the injection of ACNs. After surgery, lymph nodes were isolated, and the greatest dimensions were measured by the same pathologist. Results The average number of lymph nodes harvested from each patient was markedly more in the ACN group (31.3 ± 8.1) than in the control group (21.9 ± 5.3; P < 0.001), and the average number of lymph nodes less than 5 mm in greatest dimension was significantly more in the ACN group (11.9 ± 4.9) than in the control group (4.1 ± 2.4; P < 0.001). The ACN group (15/40) had a higher rate of Stage III patients compared to the control group (6/39; P = 0.026). Besides, the greatest dimension of 32.8% metastatic lymph nodes was less than 5 mm. Conclusion There is significant upstaging following the use of ACNs, which could find more involved nodes. Therefore, ACNs can be used as a tracer to harvest more lymph nodes in CRC patients, with improvement in the accuracy of pathological staging.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Effect of activated carbon nanoparticles on lymph node harvest in patients with colorectal cancer

et al. 2019

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“…However, differentiation of stage T2 tumors from stage T3 tumors is challenging as the peritumoral inflammatory reaction tends to mimic tumor penetration through the muscular rectal wall . In addition, preoperative detection of nodal involvement is another challenge in patients with normal‐sized positive lymph nodes . Therefore, improved techniques for clinical staging and risk stratification are key imperatives.…”

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confidence: 99%

Application of texture analysis based on apparent diffusion coefficient maps in discriminating different stages of rectal cancer

Liu

et al. 2016

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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“…Previous studies measuring LN diameters in colorectal cancer by a microscopic method reported that the average sizes of metastatic LN were 3.9-6.9 mm and that of nonmetastatic LN were 2.2-4.5 mm (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). The proportion of metastatic LN 5 mm and smaller was reported to be 45.4%-70.3% and the proportion 3 mm and smaller was reported to be 11.3%-28%; the proportion of LNmetastatic patients having only metastatic LN 3 mm and smaller was reported to be 1.3%-4.1% (10)(11)(12)14,(17)(18)(19). In this study, LN sizes were measured macroscopically.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%