Size and compositional studies of core-shell latexes using flow and thermal field-flow fractionation

Ratanathanawongs, S. Kim; Shiundu, Paul M.; Giddings, J. Calvin

doi:10.1016/0927-7757(95)03315-7

Cited by 47 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…For dissolved polymers, this dominance was demonstrated by the retention of copolymers containing homogeneous blocks that are segregated by either solvent effects or bonding constraints . For particles, the importance of surface composition was demonstrated by shifts in retention after chemical modification of the particle surface, as well as the retention behavior of core-shell lattices …”

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confidence: 99%

Compositional Effects in the Retention of Colloids by Thermal Field-Flow Fractionation

1997

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The retention of polystyrene and silica colloids that have been chemically modified is measured in several aqueous carrier liquids. Retention levels are governed by particle size and composition but are also sensitive to subtle changes in the carrier. Size-based selectivities are higher in aqueous carriers compared to acetonitrile. In aqueous carriers, retention varies dramatically with the nature of the additive, and for a given additive, retention increases with ionic strength, regardless of modifications to the particle surface. The role played by electrostatic effects in retention is studied by varying the ionic strength of the carrier, estimating electrical double layers, determining particle-wall interaction parameters, and calculating the coefficients of mass diffusion and thermal diffusion. Although electrostatic phenomena can affect mass diffusion and particle-wall interactions in carriers of low ionic strength (<10(-3) M), such effects are not great enough to explain the dependence of retention on ionic strength. Therefore, thermal diffusion must be affected directly. Thermal diffusion is found to increase with pH, and at a given pH with the surface tension of the suspended particle. Finally, while the addition of the surfactant FL-70 generally decreases retention, greater retention levels can ultimately be achieved with FL-70 because larger temperature gradients can be used without particle adsorption to the accumulation wall.

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confidence: 99%

Compositional Effects in the Retention of Colloids by Thermal Field-Flow Fractionation

1997

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“…FFF is a chromatography-like elution technique which separates particles in a narrow channel by applying an external field perpendicular to the flow direction. FFF has been used to characterize the size and composition of core-shell lattices [97].…”

Section: Particle Sizingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerization Online Monitoring

Frauendorfer¹,

Wolf²,

Hergeth³

2010

Chem Eng & Technol

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Online monitoring of polymerization reactions is not only important due to the high exothermic nature of most polymerization systems; the data gained also provides information on product composition and quality and control possibilities thereof. Many inline and online methods are still in development and are better suited for application on the laboratory or pilot-plant scale. Industrial polymerization plant environments pose additional technical and financial challenges and constraints for the use of such systems. Available methods and current developments are reviewed with regard to their practicability and usefulness under these aspects.

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“…To study this swelling effect, independent measurements on the diffusion coefficients of particles as a function of pH have been performed by DLS. As D r must be determined by the outer layer of a particle, it is certainly possible that the swelling of the core-shells also influences D r [26]. It can be seen that the diffusion coefficients of the core-shell particles decrease significantly with increasing pH.…”

Section: Influence Of Particle Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-micron particle analysis by thermal field-flow fractionation and multi-angle light scattering detection

2001

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Size and compositional studies of core-shell latexes using flow and thermal field-flow fractionation

Cited by 47 publications

References 9 publications

Compositional Effects in the Retention of Colloids by Thermal Field-Flow Fractionation

Compositional Effects in the Retention of Colloids by Thermal Field-Flow Fractionation

Polymerization Online Monitoring

Sub-micron particle analysis by thermal field-flow fractionation and multi-angle light scattering detection

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