Size-Adjustable Microdroplets Generation Based on Microinjection

Abstract

Microinjection is a promising tool for microdroplet generation, while the microinjection for microdroplets generation still remains a challenging issue due to the Laplace pressure at the micropipette opening. Here, we apply a simple and robust substrate-contacting microinjection method to microdroplet generation, presenting a size-adjustable microdroplets generation method based on a critical injection (CI) model. Firstly, the micropipette is adjusted to a preset injection pressure. Secondly, the micropipette is moved down to contact the substrate, then, the Laplace pressure in the droplet is no longer relevant and the liquid flows out in time. The liquid constantly flows out until the micropipette is lifted, ending the substrate-contacting situation, which results in the recovery of the Laplace pressure at the micropipette opening, and the liquid injection is terminated. We carry out five groups of experiments whereupon 1600 images are captured within each group and the microdroplet radius of each image is detected. Then we determine the relationship among microdroplet radius, radius at the micropipette opening, time, and pressure, and, two more experiments are conducted to verify the relationship. To verify the effectiveness of the substrate-contacting method and the relationship, we conducted two experiments with six desired microdroplet radii are set in each experiment, by adjusting the injection time with a given pressure, and adjusting the injection pressure with a given time. Then, six arrays of microdroplets are obtained in each experiment. The results of the experiments show that the standard errors of the microdroplet radii are less than 2% and the experimental errors fall in the range of ±5%. The average operating speed is 20 microdroplets/min and the minimum radius of the microdroplets is 25 μm. This method has a simple experimental setup that enables easy manipulation and lower cost.

Generation of Photopolymerized Microparticles Based on PEGDA Using Microfluidic Devices. Part 1. Initial Gelation Time and Mechanical Properties of the Material

“…The use of small volume in microparticles represents lower reagent costs, less waste generation and easy manipulation of the microparticle [ 4 ]. Generally, the generation of microparticles based on polymers such as hydrogels made of Polyethylene Glycol Diacrylate (PEGDA), Figure 1 , are extensively used in the biotechnological field due to their minimal toxicity [ 5 ]. Different application fields have used hydrogels, such as biomedical devices [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ], intelligent robotics [ 11 , 12 ], flexible electronics [ 13 ], mechanical metamaterials [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ], activators [ 18 , 19 ] and the encapsulation of medicaments or biological agents where the hydrogel can be useful in protecting them or releasing them [ 20 ].…”

Gene Delivery System Using Droplet Injector and Temperature-Controlled Planarian Holder

“…It is simple, direct, and efficient. Different formats of microinjection, including microfluidic chips or glass capillary needles, have been demonstrated to generate liquid droplets that contain biomolecules of interest in a precise manner into individual biological objects for a variety of studies [10][11][12][13][14][15]. For the microinjection in worm biology, a microfluidic device regulated by on-chip pneumatic valves has shown loading, immobilization, injection, and sorting of single Caenorhabditis elegans [15].…”