Sixteen years of Florida Current Transport at 27° N

Baringer, Molly O.; Larsen, Jimmy C.

doi:10.1029/2001gl013246

Cited by 243 publications

(293 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The factor rC p is approximately constant and the mean value of rC p from all the Pegasus sections is 4.088 Â 10 6 J m À3°CÀ1 . Note that since there is a net northward transport through the Straits of Florida of $32 Sv [Baringer and Larsen, 2001], mass is not conserved in these integrals and temperature transport is dependent upon the temperature scale used [Hall and Bryden, 1982].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A continuous record of Florida Current temperature transport at 27°N

Shoosmith

Baringer

Johns

2005

Geophysical Research Letters

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[1] As part of a newly funded international program to monitor ocean heat transport at mid-latitudes in the North Atlantic, a continuous estimate of the temperature transport of the Florida Current is required. Since 1982, volume transports have been inferred from voltage measurements monitored by submarine telephone cables across the Straits of Florida. Electromagnetic induction theory suggests that the cable voltage should actually give a more direct measure of conductivity transport than pure volume transport. Due to the strong dependence of conductivity on temperature, this would in theory result in a direct and continuous estimate of the Florida Current temperature transport. This hypothesis is investigated using data from a large number of temperature and velocity sections (58) across the Florida Current at the cable location, leading to a new calibration of the voltage signal for the temperature transport of the Florida Current, crucial for trans-basin heat flux estimates.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electromagnetic induction theory has been used to infer volume transports from these cable voltage measurements for over 20 years [Larsen and Sanford, 1985;Baringer and Larsen, 2001]. However, the theory actually suggests that cable voltages should be more strongly related to Florida Current temperature transport than volume transport.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A continuous record of Florida Current temperature transport at 27°N

Shoosmith

Baringer

Johns

2005

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…A continuous time series of the Florida Current (FC) transport has been constructed by using a succession of the submerged telephone cables across the Straits of Florida between 26 and 27 • N (Baringer and Larsen, 2001;. In this study, the FC transport was constrained using the annual mean value of 31.3 ± 1.1 Sv in 1992 and 31.7 ± 1.1 in 2015, calculated from the daily FC transport data.…”

Section: Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation at 14.5° N in 1989 and 2013 and 24.5° N in 1992 and 2015: volume, heat, and freshwater transports

Karstensen

Brandt

2018

Ocean Sci.

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“…The Florida Current is both part of the western boundary current system of the North Atlantic subtropical gyre and a pathway for warmwater return flow of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation (Schmitz and Richardson, 1991). Mass transport through the Florida Straits has been almost continuously measured since April 1982 using a succession of submerged telephone cables located between 26 • N-27 • N (Larsen, 1992;Baringer and Larsen, 2001;Meinen et al, 2010). These observations began during the Sub Tropical Atlantic Climate Studies (STACS) program which ran from 1982-1984 and used a variety of measurement techniques to study the Florida Current (Molinari et al, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the seasonal cycles and variability of Florida Straits, Ekman and Sverdrup transports at 26° N in the Atlantic Ocean

et al. 2010

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Abstract.Since April 2004 the RAPID array has made continuous measurements of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) at 26 • N. Two key components of this system are Ekman transport zonally integrated across 26 • N and western boundary current transport in the Florida Straits. Whilst measurements of the AMOC as a whole are somewhat in their infancy, this study investigates what useful information can be extracted on the variability of the Ekman and Florida Straits transports using the decadal timeseries already available. Analysis is also presented for Sverdrup transports zonally integrated across 26 • N.The seasonal cycles of Florida Straits, Ekman and Sverdrup transports are quantified at 26 • N using harmonic analysis of annual and semi-annual constituents. Whilst Sverdrup transport shows clear semi-annual periodicity, calculations of seasonal Florida Straits and Ekman transports show substantial interannual variability due to contamination by variability at non-seasonal frequencies; the mean seasonal cycle for these transports only emerges from decadal length observations. The Florida Straits and Ekman mean seasonal cycles project on the AMOC with a combined peak-to-peak seasonal range of 3.5 Sv. The combined seasonal range for heat transport is 0.40 PW.The Florida Straits seasonal cycle possesses a smooth annual periodicity in contrast with previous studies suggesting a more asymmetric structure. No clear evidence is found to support significant changes in the Florida Straits seasonal cycle at sub-decadal periods. Whilst evidence of wind driven Florida Straits transport variability is seen at sub-seasonal and annual periods, a model run from the 1/4 • Correspondence to: C. P. Atkinson (christopher.atkinson@noc.soton.ac.uk) eddy-permitting ocean model NEMO is used to identify an important contribution from internal oceanic variability at sub-annual and interannual periods. The Ekman transport seasonal cycle possesses less symmetric structure, due in part to different seasonal transport regimes east and west of 50 to 60 • W. Around 60% of non-seasonal Ekman transport variability occurs in phase section-wide at 26 • N and is related to the NAO, whilst Sverdrup transport variability is more difficult to decompose.

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Sixteen years of Florida Current Transport at 27° N

Cited by 243 publications

References 10 publications

A continuous record of Florida Current temperature transport at 27°N

A continuous record of Florida Current temperature transport at 27°N

Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation at 14.5° N in 1989 and 2013 and 24.5° N in 1992 and 2015: volume, heat, and freshwater transports

On the seasonal cycles and variability of Florida Straits, Ekman and Sverdrup transports at 26° N in the Atlantic Ocean

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