Six-Port Radar Sensor for Remote Respiration Rate and Heartbeat Vital-Sign Monitoring

Vinci, Gabor; Lindner, Stefan; Barbon, Francesco; Mann, Sebastian; Hofmann, M; Duda, Alexander; Weigel, Robert; Koelpin, Alexander

doi:10.1109/tmtt.2013.2247055

Cited by 150 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…They explained that this was due to a frequency component called the harmonics in the spectrum, which was neither the respiration nor heartbeat component. In contrast, Wang et al [21] measured heartbeats from the four sides of a seated subject's torso and concluded that the frontal chest wall was better than the back side, which is inconsistent with the studies of [19] and [20]. The different conclusions were explained by Wang et al as being due to the different operating frequencies (15 GHz [21] versus 27 GHz [19]) and the direct current (DC) suppression algorithm proposed by [21], which suppressed the harmonic components generated by incorrect DC levels.…”

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confidence: 89%

“…Recently, much attention has been paid to the remote monitoring of heartbeats using radar systems [5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23] that measure the slight displacement of a patient's skin surface due to heartbeats. However, patients in an MR scanner are surrounded by the interior wall of the scanner, with only the top of their head and soles seen from the outside.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Li et al [19] and Vinci et al [20] reported that the back side of a seated subject's torso was the best spot for the heartbeat measurement among four sides (i.e., front, back, left and right). They explained that this was due to a frequency component called the harmonics in the spectrum, which was neither the respiration nor heartbeat component.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Remote heartbeat monitoring from human soles using 60-GHz ultra-wideband radar

Sakamoto

Okumura

Imanishi

et al. 2015

IEICE Electron. Express

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Measurement of heartbeats is essential in cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging because the measurement must be synchronized with the phase of cardiac cycles. Many existing studies on radar-based heartbeat monitoring have focused on echoes from the torso only, and such monitoring cannot be applied to subjects in magnetic resonance scanners because only the head and soles can be seen from the outside. In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of the remote monitoring of heartbeats from the subject's soles using a 60-GHz ultra-wideband radar. The heartbeat intervals measured using the radar are quantitatively compared with those measured using conventional electrocardiography.

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confidence: 89%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Remote heartbeat monitoring from human soles using 60-GHz ultra-wideband radar

Sakamoto

Okumura

Imanishi

et al. 2015

IEICE Electron. Express

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“…It has been shown that a six-port based radar system can be used as a radar microphone analyzing the movement of a loudspeaker membrane [22], or even detecting the heartbeat and breathing rate of a person [23]. The big advantage of high resolution distance analysis compared to common Doppler radar approaches is that also very low velocities up to zero 14 movement can be detected as well as aperiodic and pulse-like movements.…”

Section: (V) Q (V) I (V)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiport Technology: The New Rise of an Old Concept

et al. 2014

Self Cite

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Abstract-A short review of the multiport (six-port) theory for modern applications in downconversion, direct demodulation or modulation of RF signals, and new measurement techniques for localization is presented in this paper. More than four decades ago, the circuit was developed for low-cost S-parameter measurements of microwave circuits. The modifications required to transform original six-port instrument function to radio function was not obvious in the beginning. In this purpose, several innovations have been implemented during the last two decades. Implementations of the circuit in various mature fabrication technologies, covering frequencies from microwave to millimeter wave spectrum, are presented and discussed. Multiport receiver calibration and impairment mitigation techniques are also proposed at frequencies where analog-to-digital converters and digital signal processing are available.

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“…It is the core module in AM-AM and AM-PM test. In the medical field, six-port measurement technology can be found in remote respiration and heartbeat monitoring sensor [6], as well as in absorption measurements of biological sample [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Design of Compact Microwave Six-Port Device for Ultra-Wideband Applications

Li¹,

Zhu²,

Li³

2017

PIER Letters

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Abstract-A compact fully integrated wideband six-port device composed of a suspended stripline Wilkinson power divider and three bias stripline of 3-dB quadrature directional couplers is presented. In order to integrate a six-port circuit, a multilayer circuit structure has been adopted by the via hole interconnection at the output port of the divider. The 3-dB quadrature directional coupler is composed of two 8.34-dB quadrature directional couplers by series connection. In this way, the six-port circuit structure is simplified and reduced. A multisection impedance match structure has been adopted in the suspended stripline Wilkinson power divider to achieve ultra-wide frequency band. In the experiment, the fully integrated six-port device has obtained good measurement result. It is superior to other present six-port networks in microwave performance with the same dimension.

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Six-Port Radar Sensor for Remote Respiration Rate and Heartbeat Vital-Sign Monitoring

Cited by 150 publications

References 22 publications

Remote heartbeat monitoring from human soles using 60-GHz ultra-wideband radar

Remote heartbeat monitoring from human soles using 60-GHz ultra-wideband radar

Multiport Technology: The New Rise of an Old Concept

A Design of Compact Microwave Six-Port Device for Ultra-Wideband Applications

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