Six novel species of the obligate marine actinobacterium Salinispora, Salinispora cortesiana sp. nov., Salinispora fenicalii sp. nov., Salinispora goodfellowii sp. nov., Salinispora mooreana sp. nov., Salinispora oceanensis sp. nov. and Salinispora vitiensis sp. nov., and emended description of the genus Salinispora

Román‐Ponce, Brenda; Millán-Aguiñaga, Natalie; Guillén-Matus, Dulce; Chase, Alexander B.; Ginigini, Joape; Soapi, Katy M.; Feussner, Klaus D.; Jensen, Paul R.; Trujillo, Martha E.

doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004330

Cited by 41 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Salinispora (family: Micromonosporaceae) is a member of the rare biosphere in surface sediments (12) and can readily be cultured from tropical and sub-tropical locations (13). This relatively recently diverged lineage includes nine closely related species that share >99% 16S rRNA sequence similarity (14). The presence of this “microdiversity” suggests that fine-scale trait differences contribute to differential resource utilization and niche partitioning (15, 16).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…If correct, we expected the distribution of BGCs, regardless if they were horizontally acquired at some point in time (19), to be subsequently maintained within Salinispora through processes of vertical descent. To better understand the role of vertical inheritance in driving BGC evolution, we revisited the distribution of BGCs in 118 genomes across the nine newly described Salinispora species (14). Finally, to assess the functional consequences of BGC diversification on compound production, we focused on nine experimentally characterized BGCs and applied targeted tandem mass spectrometry to detect their associated molecules.…”

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Vertical inheritance governs biosynthetic gene cluster evolution and chemical diversification

Chase

Sweeney

Muskat

et al. 2020

Preprint

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While specialized metabolites are thought to mediate ecological interactions, the evolutionary processes driving their distributions, particularly among closely related lineages, remain poorly understood. Here, we examine the evolutionary dynamics governing the diversity and distribution of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) in 118 strains across nine described species within the marine actinomycete genus Salinispora. While previous evidence indicated that horizontal gene transfer largely contributed to BGC diversity, we find that a majority of BGCs in Salinispora genomes are maintained by processes of vertical descent. In particular, we identified species-specific signatures that were associated with both BGC distributions and the production of their encoded specialized metabolites. By analyzing nine experimentally characterized BGCs that range in conservation from species to genus specific, we find that the distribution of BGCs among Salinispora species is maintained by selection, while BGC diversification is constrained by recombination among closely related strains and strengthened by gain/loss events between species. Notably, the evolutionary processes driving BGC diversification had direct consequences for compound production, elucidating the mechanisms that lead to chemical diversification. These results support the concept that specialized metabolites, and their cognate BGCs, represent functional traits associated with ecological differentiation among Salinispora species.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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confidence: 99%

Vertical inheritance governs biosynthetic gene cluster evolution and chemical diversification

Chase

Sweeney

Muskat

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Special attention has also been placed into marine actinomycetes, where highly-bioactive novel taxa have been described, such as Salinispora spp. [81,82]. Furthermore, underexploited environments that drive unique evolutionary pressures have also been recently investigated, such as polar regions [83], caves [84][85][86], and deserts [87][88][89].…”

Section: Specialised Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating perspectives in actinomycete research: an ActinoBase review of 2020–21

et al. 2021

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Last year ActinoBase, a Wiki-style initiative supported by the UK Microbiology Society, published a review highlighting the research of particular interest to the actinomycete community. Here, we present the second ActinoBase review showcasing selected reports published in 2020 and early 2021, integrating perspectives in the actinomycete field. Actinomycetes are well-known for their unsurpassed ability to produce specialised metabolites, of which many are used as therapeutic agents with antibacterial, antifungal, or immunosuppressive activities. Much research is carried out to understand the purpose of these metabolites in the environment, either within communities or in host interactions. Moreover, many efforts have been placed in developing computational tools to handle big data, simplify experimental design, and find new biosynthetic gene cluster prioritisation strategies. Alongside, synthetic biology has provided advances in tools to elucidate the biosynthesis of these metabolites. Additionally, there are still mysteries to be uncovered in understanding the fundamentals of filamentous actinomycetes' developmental cycle and regulation of their metabolism. This review focuses on research using integrative methodologies and approaches to understand the bigger picture of actinomycete biology, covering four research areas: i) technology and methodology; ii) specialised metabolites; iii) development and regulation; and iv) ecology and host interactions.

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“…It is worth noting that even though 16S rRNA gene sequencing has proved to be a powerful tool for bacterial identification, it tends to present limitations in distinguishing between closely related species like Bacillus, Micromonospora and Salinispora [84]. This is especially true for the genus Salinispora, as six novel species sharing >99% 16S RNA sequence similarity with the three currently recognized species were recently described [85]. Still, this method was chosen because it is a rapid and easy approach for the reliable identification of unknown strains.…”

Section: Identification Of Bacillales Strains Isolated From Scopalina Hapaliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Microorganisms Associated with the Marine Sponge Scopalina hapalia: A Reservoir of Bioactive Molecules to Slow Down the Aging Process

Hassane¹,

Fouillaud²,

Goff

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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Aging research aims at developing therapies that delay normal aging processes and some related pathologies. Recently, many compounds and extracts from natural products have been shown to slow aging and/or extend lifespan. Marine sponges and their associated microorganisms have been found to produce a wide variety of bioactive secondary metabolites; however, those from the Southwest of the Indian Ocean are much less studied, especially regarding anti-aging activities. In this study, the microbial diversity of the marine sponge Scopalina hapalia was investigated by metagenomic analysis. Twenty-six bacterial and two archaeal phyla were recovered from the sponge, of which the Proteobacteria phylum was the most abundant. In addition, 30 isolates from S. hapalia were selected and cultivated for identification and secondary metabolites production. The selected isolates were affiliated to the genera Bacillus, Micromonospora, Rhodoccocus, Salinispora, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Nigrospora and unidentified genera related to the family Thermoactinomycetaceae. Crude extracts from selected microbial cultures were found to be active against seven clinically relevant targets (elastase, tyrosinase, catalase, sirtuin 1, Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), Fyn kinase and proteasome). These results highlight the potential of microorganisms associated with a marine sponge from Mayotte to produce anti-aging compounds. Future work will focus on the isolation and the characterization of bioactive compounds.

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Cited by 41 publications

References 46 publications

Vertical inheritance governs biosynthetic gene cluster evolution and chemical diversification

Vertical inheritance governs biosynthetic gene cluster evolution and chemical diversification

Integrating perspectives in actinomycete research: an ActinoBase review of 2020–21

Microorganisms Associated with the Marine Sponge Scopalina hapalia: A Reservoir of Bioactive Molecules to Slow Down the Aging Process

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