Six-monthly de-worming in infants to study effects on growth

Awasthi, Sanjay; Pande, Vinod Kumar

doi:10.1007/bf02762101

Cited by 34 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In three studies conducted in India, deworming interventions resulted in a significant mean weight gain in children in the intervention arm444546. These findings were consistent with the results reported elsewhere6263.…”

Section: Mass Drug Administration (Mda) Interventionssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Among the studies of MDA434445464748, all involved biannual treatment of PSAC or SAC under-five years of age and a majority were conducted in Uttar Pradesh. A single MDA RCT was conducted in West Bengal45.…”

Section: Mass Drug Administration (Mda) Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All studies involved co-administration of a vitamin or other supplement that was also received by the control group. Other than the large DEVTA trial conducted in rural administrative blocks in Uttar Pradesh in about two million children47, all the other studies recruited about 1000-4000 children in urban slums followed up for a period of 1-2 years43444546. When parasitological outcomes were measured (3 of 5 trials), the prevalence of Ascaris was reduced by more than half in the treatment arm in the Kolkata trial (53.90-24.00% in the intervention arm) with large effects seen for ascariasis at three months post albendazole administration ( Ascaris 24.00% in intervention & 58.60% in control, P < 0.01)45.…”

Section: Mass Drug Administration (Mda) Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intervention strategies to reduce the burden of soil-transmitted helminths in India

et al. 2018

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Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections continue to be a major global cause of morbidity, with a large proportion of the burden of STH infections occurring in India. In addition to direct health impacts of these infections, including anaemia and nutritional deficiencies in children, these infections also significantly impact economic development, as a result of delays in early childhood cognitive development and future income earning potential. The current World Health Organization strategy for STH is focused on morbidity control through the application of mass drug administration to all pre-school-aged and school-aged children. In India, the control of STH-related morbidity requires mobilization of significant human and financial resources, placing additional burdens on limited public resources. Infected adults and untreated children in the community act as a reservoir of infection by which treated children get rapidly reinfected. As a result, deworming programmes will need to be sustained indefinitely in the absence of other strategies to reduce reinfection, including water, hygiene and sanitation interventions (WASH). However, WASH interventions require sustained effort by the government or other agencies to build infrastructure and to promote healthy behavioural modifications, and their effectiveness is often limited by deeply entrenched cultural norms and behaviours. Novel strategies must be explored to provide a lasting solution to the problem of STH infections in India other than the indefinite provision of deworming for morbidity control.

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Section: Mass Drug Administration (Mda) Interventionssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Mass Drug Administration (Mda) Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mass Drug Administration (Mda) Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intervention strategies to reduce the burden of soil-transmitted helminths in India

et al. 2018

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“…Children aged between one and five years are particularly vulnerable to disease caused by STH infections [4,12,13]. Although, children of these age groups are less likely to harbour heavy infections, their worm burdens are housed in smaller bodies, and therefore they are at a higher risk of anaemia and wasting malnutrition [14]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of soil-transmitted helminth infection and impact of four-monthly albendazole treatments in preschool children from semi-urban communities in Nigeria: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomised trial

et al. 2009

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BackgroundChildren aged between one and five years are particularly vulnerable to disease caused by soil-transmitted helminths (STH). Periodic deworming has been shown to improve growth, micronutrient status (iron and vitamin A), and motor and language development in preschool children and justifies the inclusion of this age group in deworming programmes. Our objectives were to describe the prevalence and intensity of STH infection and to investigate the effectiveness of repeated four-monthly albendazole treatments on STH infection in children aged one to four years.MethodsThe study was carried out in four semi-urban villages situated near Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. The study was a double-blind placebo-controlled randomised trial. Children aged one to four years were randomly assigned to receive either albendazole or placebo every four months for 12 months with a follow-up at 14 months.ResultsThe results presented here revealed that 50% of the preschool children in these semi-urban communities were infected by one or more helminths, the most prevalent STH being Ascaris lumbricoides (47.6%). Our study demonstrated that repeated four-monthly anthelminthic treatments with albendazole were successful in reducing prevalence and intensity of A. lumbricoides infections. At the end of the follow-up period, 12% and 43% of the children were infected with A. lumbricoides and mean epg was 117 (S.E. 50) and 1740 (S.E. 291) in the treatment and placebo groups respectively compared to 45% and 45% of the children being infected with Ascaris and mean epg being 1095 (S.E. 237) and 1126 (S.E. 182) in the treatment and placebo group respectively at baseline.ConclusionResults from this study show that the moderate prevalence and low intensity of STH infection in these preschool children necessitates systematic treatment of the children in child health programmes.Trial RegistrationCurrent controlled trials ISRCTN44215995.

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“…5 Other trials that have included children in the second year of life in their study populations have generally reported only on mortality, with similar rates between intervention and control groups. [8][9][10] A cluster-randomized controlled trial, designed specifically to assess the effect of albendazole on reducing early childhood mortality, found similar mortality rates in the intervention and control groups. 11 The reporting of other serious or minor adverse events has been limited, and age-disaggregated data are not widely available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Events from a Randomized, Multi-Arm, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Mebendazole in Children 12–24 Months of Age

Joseph

Montresor

Casapía

et al. 2016

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Large-scale deworming interventions, using anthelminthic drugs, are recommended in areas where the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infection is high. Anthelminthic safety has been established primarily in school-age children. Our objective was to provide evidence on adverse events from anthelminthic use in early childhood. A randomized multi-arm, placebo-controlled trial of mebendazole, administered at different times and frequencies, was conducted in children 12 months of age living in Iquitos, Peru. Children were followed up to 24 months of age. The association between mebendazole administration and the occurrence of a serious or minor adverse event was determined using logistic regression. There was a total of 1,686 administrations of mebendazole and 1,676 administrations of placebo to 1,760 children. Eighteen serious adverse events (i.e., 11 deaths and seven hospitalizations) and 31 minor adverse events were reported. There was no association between mebendazole and the occurrence of a serious adverse event (odds ratio [OR] = 1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.47, 3.09) or a minor adverse event (OR = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.41, 1.72). Results from our trial support evidence of safety in administering mebendazole during early childhood. These results support World Health Organization deworming policy and the scaling up of interventions to reach children as of 12 months of age in endemic areas.

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Six-monthly de-worming in infants to study effects on growth

Abstract: It was concluded that there was an improvement in weight with six monthly ABZ over 1.5 years. However, a much larger trial would be needed to determine whether there is any net effect of improvement in weight on under five mortality rate.

Cited by 34 publications

References 12 publications

Intervention strategies to reduce the burden of soil-transmitted helminths in India

Intervention strategies to reduce the burden of soil-transmitted helminths in India

Patterns of soil-transmitted helminth infection and impact of four-monthly albendazole treatments in preschool children from semi-urban communities in Nigeria: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomised trial

Adverse Events from a Randomized, Multi-Arm, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Mebendazole in Children 12–24 Months of Age

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