Six‐Membered Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocyclic Anti‐Tumor Agents: Synthesis and Applications

Abstract

Cancer stands as a serious malady, posing substantial risks to human well‐being and survival. This underscores the paramount necessity to explore and investigate novel antitumor medications. Nitrogen‐containing compounds, especially those derived from natural sources, form a highly significant category of antitumor agents. Among these, antitumor agents with six‐membered aromatic nitrogen heterocycles have consistently attracted the attention of chemists and pharmacologists. Accordingly, we present a comprehensive summary of synthetic strategies and clinical implications of these compounds in this review. This entails an in‐depth analysis of synthesis pathways for pyridine, quinoline, pyrimidine, and quinazoline. Additionally, we explore the historical progression, targets, mechanisms of action, and clinical effectiveness of small molecule inhibitors possessing these structural features.

Pancreatic cancer environment: from patient-derived models to single-cell omics

“…Moreover, despite complete resection, the prognosis for C is less favourable than for other digestive system malignancies that benefit from diverse molecular targeted therapies currently a State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Shanghai Cancer Institute, under development. 3 The standard PC chemotherapy regimen comprises combination therapy of various cytotoxic anticancer agents; for instance, the FOLFIRINOX protocol (a regimen that includes oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and irinotecan) and gemcitabine given with albumin-bound paclitaxel. 4 However, individual patients exhibit diverse responses to similar drugs.…”