Six Genes Associated with Lymphatic Metastasis in Colon Adenocarcinoma Linked to Prognostic Value and Tumor Immune Cell Infiltration

Abstract

Objective. The aim of the study is to explore the relationship between lymphatic metastasis genes, prognosis, and immune cell infiltration in patients with colon cancer. Methods. Based on the Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) database, differentially expressed genes and prognostic genes related to colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) lymphatic metastasis were screened and intersected. We used lasso and univariate Cox regression analysis to screen core genes and establish a preliminary prediction model. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis was used for lymphatic metastasis-related genes, and single GSEA was used for the final screening results. Finally, we evaluated the relationship between identified genes and immune cell infiltration. Results. A total of 1727 genes were differentially expressed between COAD patients with TNM stages of N0 and N1. After further screening, six core genes (RNU4-2, ZNF556, RNVU1-15, NSA2P6, RN7SL767P, and RN7SL473P) were obtained, and a preliminary prediction model was established, in which ZNF556 was a risk factor, and the rest were protective factors. Single GSEA showed that pathways such as systemic lupus erythematosus might play an important role in the initial lymphatic metastasis of COAD. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of 1727 genes supported this result. Immune infiltration analysis showed that six genes were significantly correlated with T cell and NK cell families. Conclusion. Six core genes may affect COAD initial lymphatic metastasis through the systemic lupus erythematosus pathway and immune cell infiltration.

Deciphering the Prognostic and Therapeutic Significance of Cell Cycle Regulator CENPF: A Potential Biomarker of Prognosis and Immune Microenvironment for Patients with Liposarcoma

“…Further exploration of the GO enrichment analysis revealed that CENPF functions in the cell cycle through regulating mitosis and microtubule binding in various cancers, for instance, CENPF contributes to the deterioration of adrenocortical carcinoma by affecting the cell cycle [ 14 ]. In the heatmap of the GSEA analysis, several ZNFs were upregulated in the CENPF high group, which belong to the zinc finger transcription factor family and have profound impacts on cancer progression [ 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ], implying a presumable connection between CENPF and these ZNFs. Additionally, CENPI, a constitutive protein of kinetochore, was synergistically upregulated with CENPF (as GSEA results shown), which specifies localization of CENPF to kinetochores and is essential for chromosome segregation and mitosis [ 31 ].…”

Bioinformatics analysis reveals link between alternative complement cascade pathway and colorectal cancer liver metastasis

“…Compared with the CRC dataset, ALB, FGG, SERPINC1, AHSG, APOA1, F2, AMBP, APOH, APOB, and KLF20A were the top 10 hub genes in the CRC liver metastasis dataset. ALB is an important transport protein in serum, and decreased ALB expression worsens the prognosis of CRC patients [33] . AHSG is a serum glycoprotein synthesized by hepatocytes and adipocytes that can promote tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion [34] .…”

Construction and Evaluation of a Prognostic Model Based on Metastasis-Associated Genes in Breast Cancer

“…Previous studies have indicated metastasis-associated genes have great potential for cancer prognostic assessment (4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Therefore, this study was conducted to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of metastatic BC by analyzing the transcriptome data in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, afterwards utilize Cox regression and Lasso regression analysis to identify the independent prognostic factors, and then establish a predictive model.…”