Six defensins from the triangle-shell pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii

Ren, Qian; Li, Meng; Zhang, Chi-Yu; Chen, Keping

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2011.07.020

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…These peptides are cysteine-rich and have diverse sequences and structures, stabilized into compact shapes by three or four conserved cysteine disulfide bridges. They have at least two positive charges (lysine or arginine residues) and are small, ranging approximately from 12 to 50 amino acid residues (2–6 kDa; Ganz, 2003; Ren et al, 2011; Gao and Zhu, 2012). …”

Section: Defensinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defensins: antifungal lessons from eukaryotes

Gonçalves²,

2014

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Over the last years, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been the focus of intense research toward the finding of a viable alternative to current antifungal drugs. Defensins are one of the major families of AMPs and the most represented among all eukaryotic groups, providing an important first line of host defense against pathogenic microorganisms. Several of these cysteine-stabilized peptides present a relevant effect against fungi. Defensins are the AMPs with the broader distribution across all eukaryotic kingdoms, namely, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia, and were recently shown to have an ancestor in a bacterial organism. As a part of the host defense, defensins act as an important vehicle of information between innate and adaptive immune system and have a role in immunomodulation. This multidimensionality represents a powerful host shield, hard for microorganisms to overcome using single approach resistance strategies. Pathogenic fungi resistance to conventional antimycotic drugs is becoming a major problem. Defensins, as other AMPs, have shown to be an effective alternative to the current antimycotic therapies, demonstrating potential as novel therapeutic agents or drug leads. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on some eukaryotic defensins with antifungal action. An overview of the main targets in the fungal cell and the mechanism of action of these AMPs (namely, the selectivity for some fungal membrane components) are presented. Additionally, recent works on antifungal defensins structure, activity, and cytotoxicity are also reviewed.

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Section: Defensinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defensins: antifungal lessons from eukaryotes

Gonçalves²,

2014

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“…By contrast, the IMD pathway is similar to the tumor-necrosis-factor (TNF) receptor pathway of mammals (Ferrandon et al, 2007;Hoffmann, 2003). After AMPs were discovered in bivalves (reviewed by , regulation of their transcription levels in response to experimental immune stimulation was reported in the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis (Mitta et al, 1999a(Mitta et al, ,b, 2000bSonthi et al, 2012;Venier et al, 2011), the deep-sea hydrothermal vent mussel, Bathymodiolus azoricus (Bettencourt et al, 2007), the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Gonzalez et al, 2007;Gueguen et al, 2006;Schmitt et al, 2012), the carpet-shell clam, Ruditapes decussatus (Gestal et al, 2007), the hard clam, Mercenaria mercenaria (Perrigault et al, 2009), the triangle-shell pearl mussel, Hyriopsis cumingii (Ren et al, 2011) and the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis (Tanguy et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toll signal transduction pathway in bivalves: Complete cds of intermediate elements and related gene transcription levels in hemocytes of immune stimulated Mytilus galloprovincialis

Toubiana

Rosani

Giambelluca

et al. 2014

Developmental & Comparative Immunology

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a b s t r a c tBased on protein domain structure and organization deduced from mRNA contigs, 15 transcripts of the Toll signaling pathway have been identified in the bivalve, Mytilus galloprovincialis. Identical searches performed on publicly available Mytilus edulis ESTs revealed 11 transcripts, whereas searches performed in genomic and new transcriptome sequences of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, identified 21 Toll-related transcripts. The remarkable molecular diversity of TRAF and IKK coding sequences of C. gigas, suggests that the sequence data inferred from Mytilus cDNAs may not be exhaustive. Most of the Toll pathway genes were constitutively and ubiquitously expressed in M. galloprovincialis, although at different levels, and clearly induced after in vivo injection with bacteria. Such over-transcription was more rapid and intense with Gram-negative than with Gram-positive bacteria. Injection of a fungus modulated the transcription of few Toll pathway genes, with the induction levels of TLR/MyD88 complex being always less intense. Purified LPS and b-glucans had marginal effect whereas peptidoglycans were ineffective. At the moment, we found no evidence of an IMD transcript in bivalves. In conclusion, mussels possess a complete Toll pathway which can be triggered either by Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteria.

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“…The only virus known to cause disease in a freshwater mussel was detected in H. cumingii (see Zhang et al 1986). This virus is relatively well studied because of its economic importance (Zhang et al 2005;Ren et al 2011Ren et al , 2013Ren et al , 2014Zhong et al 2011;Bai et al 2016;Zhao et al 2016). In contrast, a large number of viruses (including Herpesviridae, Iridoviridae, Picornaviridae, Papovaviridae, Birnaviridae, Retroviridae, and Reoviridae) are associated with diseases in marine bivalves (see Carella et al 2016;Arzul et al 2017;Zannella et al 2017).…”

Section: Research On the Microbiota Of Freshwater Mollusksmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Status of Mussel Health Assessment and a Path Forward

Waller

Cope

2019

Freshwater Mollusk Biology and Conservation

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Declines of freshwater mussel (order Unionida) populations worldwide are attributed to habitat degradation, pollution, and invasive species, among other factors. However, these purported causes do not fully explain the enigmatic decline and large-scale die-offs of mussels that have occurred in apparently healthy streams across a wide geographic region. The roles of the microbiota and pathogens in mussel health have been understudied, and, as a result, few data exist to compare the microbiota of healthy mussels to that of stressed or dying mussels. Captive propagation and stocking programs have expanded across the globe without standard diagnostic protocols to assess health or potential diseases in hatchery-reared or wild stocks. Nonindigenous species, contaminants of emerging concern, and anthropogenic climate change could alter adversely the underlying processes that support mussel health, such as nutritional status and microbial composition, and these factors could increase the risk for outbreaks of opportunistic and emergent mussel disease. We propose a coordinated, collaborative, and multidisciplinary effort to advance methods for assessing freshwater mussel health. We identify research and resources needed to answer central questions surrounding mussel health, including identifying potential agents of disease, defining clinical signs of declining condition, refining stressspecific biomarkers for health assessment, and developing protocols specific for mussels.

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Six defensins from the triangle-shell pearl mussel Hyriopsis cumingii

Cited by 20 publications

References 42 publications

Defensins: antifungal lessons from eukaryotes

Defensins: antifungal lessons from eukaryotes

Toll signal transduction pathway in bivalves: Complete cds of intermediate elements and related gene transcription levels in hemocytes of immune stimulated Mytilus galloprovincialis

The Status of Mussel Health Assessment and a Path Forward

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