SIVrcm infection of macaques

Smith, Stephen M.; Makuwa, Maria; Lee, Fred; Gettie, Agegnehu; Russo, Christine; Marx, Preston A.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0684.1998.tb00232.x

Cited by 16 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, as shown in subsequent studies, the current reference strains for use in macaques resulted from serial passage of SIVsmm, a factor that contributed to this increased pathogenicity Mansfield et al, 1995). In fact, the intrinsic pathogenic potential of primary SIVsmm isolates in rhesus macaques is significantly lower than initially believed (C. Apetrei, unpublished data), similar to other studies that have reported that SIVsyk (Hirsch et al, 1993), SIVagm (Pandrea et al, 2007), SIVtal (Osterhaus et al, 1999) and SIVrcm (Smith et al, 1998) replicate only transiently in rhesus macaques. In all of these cases, replication only occurred during acute infection, and both VLs and viral cultures were generally negative starting from relatively early time points of chronic infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…For example, SIVsmm produced a persistent infection (McClure et al, 1989;Murphey-Corb et al, 1986), whilst SIVrcm from redcapped mangabeys resulted in a controlled infection (Smith et al, 1998) Mandrills are also phylogenetically close to rhesus macaques, as both belong to the Papionini tribe (Harris & Disotell, 1998). Mandrills are naturally infected by two SIV types, SIVmnd-1 and SIVmnd-2, which have different origins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the pathogenic infections described previously, rhesus macaques infected with SIVagm from African green monkeys (genus Chlorocebus) (Pandrea et al, 2007), SIVrcm from red-capped mangabeys (Cercocebus torquatus) (Smith et al, 1998), SIVlhoest from l'Hoesti monkeys (Cercopithecus lhoesti lhoesti) (Hirsch et al, 1999), SIVsyk from Sykes' monkeys (Cercopithecus albogularis) (Hirsch et al, 1993) and SIVtal from talapoin monkeys (Miopithecus talapoin) (Osterhaus et al, 1999) developed transient infections characterized by an active SIV replication during the acute infection and complete control of virus replication during the chronic infection. Conversely, cross-species SIV transmission to pig-tailed macaques resulted in progressive disease in most circumstances, with cases of AIDS in pig-tailed macaques being described following experimental infections with SIVsun from solatus monkeys (Cercopithecus lhoesti solatus) (Beer et al, 2005), SIVlhoest (Beer et al, 2005), SIVagm from vervet (Hirsch et al, 1995) and sabaeus monkeys (I. Pandrea, unpublished observation) and SIVrcm (C. Apetrei, unpublished observation).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Simian immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (SIV mnd 1 and 2) have different pathogenic potentials in rhesus macaques upon experimental cross-species transmission

Souquière

Onanga

Makuwa

et al. 2009

Journal of General Virology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx) is naturally infected by two types of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV): SIVmnd types 1 and 2. Both of these viruses cause long-term, non-progressive infections in their natural host despite high plasma viral loads. This study assessed the susceptibility of rhesus macaques to infection by these two types of SIVmnd and compared the virological and basic immunological characteristics of the resulting infections with those observed in natural infection in mandrills. Whilst both SIVmnd types induced similar levels of virus replication during acute infection in both mandrills and macaques, they produced a more pronounced CD4+ T-cell depletion in rhesus macaques that persisted longer during the initial stage of infection. Pro-inflammatory cytokine responses were also induced at higher levels in rhesus macaques early in the infection. During the chronic phase of infection in mandrills, which in this case was followed for up to 2 years after infection, high levels of chronic virus replication did not induce significant changes in CD4 + or CD8 + T-cell counts. In rhesus macaques, the overall chronic virus replication level was lower than in mandrills. At the end of the follow-up period, although the viral loads of SIVmnd-1 and SIVmnd-2 were relatively similar in rhesus macaques, only SIVmnd-1-infected rhesus macaques showed significant CD4 + T-cell depletion, in the context of higher levels of CD4 + and CD8 + T-cell activation, compared with SIVmnd-infected mandrills. The demonstration of the ability of both SIVmnd types to induce persistent infections in rhesus macaques calls for a careful assessment of the potential of these two viruses to emerge as new human pathogens. INTRODUCTIONAfrican non-human primates (NHPs) are the natural hosts of simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) Hahn et al., 2000;VandeWoude & Apetrei, 2006). To date, more than 40 different SIVs have been described and they infect different African species of monkeys and apes at high levels of prevalence Hahn et al., 2000;VandeWoude & Apetrei, 2006). Unlike pathogenic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in humans and SIV in macaques, natural SIV infections generally do not progress to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (Chakrabarti, 2004;Hirsch, 2004;Muller & Barré-Sinoussi, 2003;Norley et al., 1999;Onanga et al., 2002Onanga et al., , 2006Pandrea et al., 2008b;Silvestri, 2005). In fact, only a handful of cases of immunodeficiency have been described to date in African NHP species, all of which have occurred in captive animals (Ling et al., 2004;Pandrea et al., 2001;Traina-Dorge et al., 1992). This lack of SIV-related disease progression in natural NHP hosts does not appear to be due to better infection control, as natural SIV infections are characterized by high levels of virus replication and + T-cell restoration during the chronic infection to near-baseline levels (Kaur et al., 1998;Kornfeld et al., 2005;Pandrea et al., 2005Pandrea et al., , 2006Silvestri et al., 2005). Also, natural SIV infections are characte...

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Simian immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (SIV mnd 1 and 2) have different pathogenic potentials in rhesus macaques upon experimental cross-species transmission

Souquière

Onanga

Makuwa

et al. 2009

Journal of General Virology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Infection control was reported for Rh infected with viruses that naturally infect African green monkeys (AGMs, SIVagm) (11), l'hoesti monkeys (SIVlhoest) (12), or red-capped mangabeys (SIVrcm) (13). In all these instances, virus isolation was successful only during acute infection and the exposed animals survived for long periods of time with no clinical or biological sign of AIDS (11)(12)(13). The mechanisms of viral control in these infections are, to date, unknown.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…P rimate lentiviral infections lead to one of three potential outcomes: pathogenic infection with progression to AIDS, as in humans infected with HIV and rhesus macaques (Rh) 3 infected with SIVmac (1); lack of disease progression despite persistent viral replication, as in the natural African nonhuman primate hosts of SIVs (2-10); or transient SIV replication and clearance upon cross-species transmission in partially permissive hosts (11)(12)(13)(14).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Loss of Intestinal CD4+ T Cells Is Not Predictive of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Virulence

Pandrea

Gautam

Ribeiro

et al. 2007

The Journal of Immunology

Self Cite

250

402

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The predictive value of acute gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) CD4+ T cell depletion in lentiviral infections was assessed by comparing three animal models illustrative of the outcomes of SIV infection: pathogenic infection (SIVsmm infection of rhesus macaques (Rh)), persistent nonprogressive infection (SIVagm infection of African green monkeys (AGM)), and transient, controlled infection (SIVagm infection of Rh). Massive acute depletion of GALT CD4+ T cells was a common feature of acute SIV infection in all three models. The outcome of this mucosal CD4+ T cell depletion, however, differed substantially between the three models: in SIVsmm-infected Rh, the acute GALT CD4+ T cell depletion was persistent and continued with disease progression; in SIVagm, intestinal CD4+ T cells were partially restored during chronic infection in the context of normal levels of apoptosis and immune activation and absence of damage to the mucosal immunologic barrier; in SIVagm-infected Rh, complete control of viral replication resulted in restoration of the mucosal barrier and immune restoration. Therefore, our data support a revised paradigm wherein severe GALT CD4+ T cell depletion during acute pathogenic HIV and SIV infections of humans and Rh is necessary but neither sufficient nor predictive of disease progression, with levels of immune activation, proliferation and apoptosis being key factors involved in determining progression to AIDS.

show abstract

In vitro characterization of primary SIVsmm isolates belonging to different lineages. In vitro growth on rhesus macaque cells is not predictive for in vivo replication in rhesus macaques

et al. 2007

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We report in vitro characterization of 11 SIVsmm strains of six lineages co-circulating in naturally infected sooty mangabeys (SMs) from US Primate Centers and showed no major differences in the in vitro replication pattern between different SIVsmm lineages. Primary SIVsmm isolates utilized CCR5 and Bonzo co-receptors in vitro. SIVsmm growth in human T cell lines was isolate-, not lineage-specific, with poor replication on Molt4-Clone8, CEMss and PM1 cells and better replication on MT2, SupT1 and CEMx174 cells. All primary SIVsmm isolates replicated on SM and human PBMCs. In vitro replication in macaques varied widely, with moderate to high replication in pig-tailed macaque PBMCs, enhanced by CD8+ T cell depletion, and highly variable replication on rhesus macaque (Rh) PBMCs. Primary SIVsmm isolates replicated in Rh monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). In vivo, SIVsmm isolates replicated at high levels in all SIVsmm-infected Rh. The poor in vitro replication of primary SIVsmm isolates in Rh cells did not correlate with in vivo replication, emphasizing the value of in vivo studies.

show abstract

SIVrcm infection of macaques

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

Simian immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (SIV mnd 1 and 2) have different pathogenic potentials in rhesus macaques upon experimental cross-species transmission

Simian immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (SIV mnd 1 and 2) have different pathogenic potentials in rhesus macaques upon experimental cross-species transmission

Acute Loss of Intestinal CD4+ T Cells Is Not Predictive of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Virulence

In vitro characterization of primary SIVsmm isolates belonging to different lineages. In vitro growth on rhesus macaque cells is not predictive for in vivo replication in rhesus macaques

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About