Situation awareness measurement: A review of applicability for C4i environments

Abstract

The construct of situation awareness (SA) has become a core theme within the human factors (HF) research community. Consequently, there have been numerous attempts to develop reliable and valid measures of SA. Despite this, it is apparent that there are a lack of techniques that have been developed specifically for the assessment of SA in C4i (command, control, communication, computers and intelligence) environments.During the design, development and evaluation of novel systems, technology and procedures, valid and reliable situation awareness measurement techniques are required for the assessment of individual and team SA. SA is assessed in order to determine the improvements (or in some cases decrements) resulting from proposed design and technological interventions. The following paper presents a review of existing situation awareness measurement techniques conducted in order to assess their suitability for use in the assessment of SA in C4i environments. Seventeen SA measures were evaluated against a set of HF methods criteria. It was concluded that current SA measurement techniques are inadequate for use in the assessment of SA in C4i environments, and a multiple-measure approach utilising different approaches is recommended.

Prioritizing Alarms in Real-Time: Intelligent Alarms Advanced System

“…This model comprises three levels: the perception of elements within an environment, the situation comprehension, and the projection of situation into the near future. There are several questionnaires to evaluate operator's SA [6].…”

Evaluating a Mobile Emergency Response System

“…Since our claims consider externalization of tacit knowledge and evaluation of team performance, we also considered the works from [41] and [42]. Finally, we also considered the situation awareness evaluation techniques proposed by [16]. The Table 3 summarizes the considered requirements for evaluation.…”

“…Projection produces Level-3 SA: awareness of the likely evolution of the situation and possible/probable future states and events. The recent research on team shared awareness highlights that teams need to detect cues, remember, reason, plan, solve problems, acquire knowledge, and make decisions as an integrated and coordinated unit [16]. The research on SA in the Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) field has developed a functional perspective of SA [17][18][19][20].…”

Research of Ontology based Battlefield Scenario Generation Systems

“…Advanced counties generated the C4I system (Command, Control, Communication, Computer and Intelligence System) in order to forecast and analyze the battlefield situation. The C4I system helps the decision making when our forces carry out the military tactics in actual military spot [1]. In MAK, VR-Force that is scenario-based process technology has been used for the tactical training, scenario creation, training situation and situation analysis and etc., [2].…”