“…In terms of perceived differences between men and women in career processes and attainment or leadership, the sex (biological) and gender (psychological) difference literature typically views perceived patterns of difference through theoretical bases as socialization, identity, and psychodynamics. These differences are presumably stable—aligned with masculine and feminine differences, although queer leadership theory usurps the fixed nature of difference aligned with biology and normative assumptions of gender (e.g., Muhr & Sullivan, ; Muhr, Sullivan, & Rich, ). Despite evidence from theories such as role‐incongruity theory (Eagly & Karau, ), relatively consistent relationships among sex, gender, perceptions, and actual behaviors surface in our popular media, research, HR and management practices, and everyday conversation.…”