Sites in the Americas with Possible or Probable Evidence for the Butchering of Proboscideans

Haynes, Gary

doi:10.1080/20555563.2022.2057834

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 118 publications

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“…Royo y Gómez (1959,1960); Bryan et al (1978); Ochsenius and Gruhn (1979); Aguilera (2006); Carrillo-Briceño (2015); Carlini et al (2022); amongst others). Compared to other parts of Venezuela, the northwest region has a great Pleistocene fossiliferous record with abundant remains of reptiles, birds and especially mammals (Royo y Gómez 1960;Bocquentin-Villanueva 1979, 1982Ochsenius 1980;Aguilera 2006;Prevosti and Rincón 2007;Rincón and White 2007;Carlini et al 2008;Carrillo-Briceño et al 2008a;Carlini and Zurita 2010;Chávez-Aponte and Carrillo-Briceño 2012;Ruiz-Ramoni et al 2013, 2022Carrillo-Briceño 2015;Rincón et al 2021;Reyes-Céspedes et al 2023; amongst others; see Fig. 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cauca: megafaunal and felid fossils (Mammalia) from a Pleistocene site in northwest Venezuela

Carrillo-Briceño,

Ruiz-Ramoni,

Sánchez

et al. 2024

foss-rec

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Numerous surveys and three excavation and surface collection field seasons resulted in the discovery of numerous megafaunal remains and that of a medium-sized felid in a new site located on the coastal plain of the Gulf of Venezuela, in Western Falcón State. The faunal assemblage is represented by South American natives such as megatheres (cf. Eremotherium laurillardi), an indeterminate mylodontid and a glyptodont (probably related to Glyptotherium) and Nearctic representatives such as gomphotheres (Notiomastodon platensis), equids (Equus sp.) and a feline (Felidae cf. Leopardus pardalis), providing novel information for the distribution of some of these mammals. Radiocarbon indicates that this deposit is at least 40,000 years old. Lithic artefacts of a kind reported for other Pleistocene sites in the region document the presence of humans in Cauca, but as these cultural remains were found on the surface, their association with the fauna is uncertain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cauca: megafaunal and felid fossils (Mammalia) from a Pleistocene site in northwest Venezuela

Carrillo-Briceño,

Ruiz-Ramoni,

Sánchez

et al. 2024

foss-rec

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A New Approach to the Quantitative Analysis of Bone Surface Modifications: the Bowser Road Mastodon and Implications for the Data to Understand Human-Megafauna Interactions in North America

Otárola‐Castillo

Torquato²,

Keevil³

et al. 2022

J Archaeol Method Theory

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Toward the end of the Pleistocene, the world experienced a mass extinction of megafauna. In North America these included its proboscideans—the mammoths and mastodons. Researchers in conservation biology, paleontology, and archaeology have debated the role played by human predation in these extinctions. They point to traces of human butchery, such as cut marks and other bone surface modifications (BSM), as evidence of human-animal interactions—including predation and scavenging, between early Americans and proboscideans. However, others have challenged the validity of the butchery evidence observed on several proboscidean assemblages, largely due to questions of qualitative determination of the agent responsible for creating BSM. This study employs a statistical technique that relies on three-dimensional (3D) imaging data and 3D geometric morphometrics to determine the origin of the BSM observed on the skeletal remains of the Bowser Road mastodon (BR mastodon), excavated in Middletown, New York. These techniques have been shown to have high accuracy in identifying and distinguishing among different types of BSM. To better characterize the BSM on the BR mastodon, we compared them quantitatively to experimental BSM resulting from a stone tool chopping experiment using “Arnold,” the force-calibrated chopper. This study suggests that BSM on the BR mastodon are not consistent with the BSM generated by the experimental chopper. Future controlled experiments will compare other types of BSM to those on BR. This research contributes to continued efforts to decrease the uncertainty surrounding human-megafauna associations at the level of the archaeological site and faunal assemblage—specifically that of the BR mastodon assemblage. Consequently, we also contribute to the dialogue surrounding the character of the human-animal interactions between early Americans and Late Pleistocene megafauna, and the role of human foraging behavior in the latter’s extinction.

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Megafauna extinctions in the late-Quaternary are linked to human range expansion, not climate change

Lemoine,

Buitenwerf,

Svenning

2023

Anthropocene

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Sites in the Americas with Possible or Probable Evidence for the Butchering of Proboscideans

Cited by 5 publications

References 118 publications

Cauca: megafaunal and felid fossils (Mammalia) from a Pleistocene site in northwest Venezuela

Cauca: megafaunal and felid fossils (Mammalia) from a Pleistocene site in northwest Venezuela

A New Approach to the Quantitative Analysis of Bone Surface Modifications: the Bowser Road Mastodon and Implications for the Data to Understand Human-Megafauna Interactions in North America

Megafauna extinctions in the late-Quaternary are linked to human range expansion, not climate change

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