SITES and EFFICACY OF PHOTODAMAGE BY TIN ETIOPURPURIN in vitro USING DIFFERENT DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Kessel, David; Morgan, Alan R.; Garbo, Greta M.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.1991.tb02006.x

Cited by 56 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…In cell culture studies using SnET2 (7) dissolved in ethanol, or in CRM or γ-CD emulsions, no significant differences in cell uptake were found at 0 o C and 37 o C for 7 in ethanol, whereas a 3 to 5 fold effect was observed for 7 solubilized in CRM and γ-CD [129]. These results suggest passive diffusion as the predominant mechanism of uptake for 7 in ethanol (Section 6), whereas endocytic processes are involved in the uptake of 7 mediated by delivery vehicles.…”

Section: Delivery Vehicle-mediated Tumor Targetingmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Cremophor EL was found to be an efficient delivery vehicle for SnET2 (7), giving higher specificity for rat bladder tumors than DPPC and DOPC liposomes, and γ-CD [128]. This was also the only carrier system found to promote binding of 7 to LDL (20% rather than ~ 10% for the other vehicles) and VLDL (14% rather than ~ 4%) [129,130]. In studies with ketochlorin 18 it was observed that the carrier system significantly influences the interactions of the photosensitizer with plasma proteins, both in vitro and in vivo [131,132].…”

Section: Delivery Vehicle-mediated Tumor Targetingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was observed that CRM induced higher association of the sensitizers to LDL and longer serum retention times, than did the liposome formulation. Cremophor EL is generally believed to promote binding of drugs to plasma lipoproteins [128,129,134], to induce longer retention times in plasma and tumor tissues [131,135], and to reverse the multidrug resistance phenotype (through inhibition of the outward drug transport mediated by the membrane P-glycoprotein) [136,137], thus increasing the sensitivity of drugresistant tumor cells. Polyethylene glycol-coated liposomes and nanoparticles have been used for the delivery of hydrophobic sensitizers, such as Zn(II)-hexadecaflu orophthalocyanine and m-THPC (6).…”

Section: Delivery Vehicle-mediated Tumor Targetingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms of porphyrinoid localization in tumors

Osterloh

Vicente

2002

J. Porphyrins Phthalocyanines

101

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The photosensitizing and pharmacokinetic properties of porphyrin-type compounds have been investigated for nearly a century. In the last decade, two porphyrin derivatives were approved in the U.S.A. and in several other countries for the photodynamic treatment of various lesions. An overview of the different mechanisms for preferential porphyrinoid localization in malignant tumors is presented herein. Several uptake pathways are possible for each photosensitizer, which are determined by its structure, mode of delivery and tumor type. Comparisons of the different mechanisms and correlations with the structure of the sensitizer are presented. Current delivery systems for porphyrin sensitizers are described, as well as recent strategies for enhancing their tumor-specificity, including conjugation to a carrier system that selectively targets a tumor-associated receptor or antigen.

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Section: Delivery Vehicle-mediated Tumor Targetingmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Delivery Vehicle-mediated Tumor Targetingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Delivery Vehicle-mediated Tumor Targetingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms of porphyrinoid localization in tumors

Osterloh

Vicente

2002

J. Porphyrins Phthalocyanines

101

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“…CrEL has been applied as a vehicle for ketochlorin, [14] purpurins, [15] and tin etiopurpurin, [16] in PDT experiments on cells in vitro. Association of chlorin p6 and purpurin 18 with CrEL perturbs the acid-base equilibrium of the fluorophores.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Synthetic Bacteriochlorins for Photodynamic Therapy: Role of Dicyano Peripheral Groups, Central Metal Substitution (2H, Zn, Pd), and Cremophor EL Delivery

et al. 2012

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A series of four stable synthetic bacteriochlorins was tested in vitro in HeLa cells for their potential in photodynamic therapy (PDT). The parent bacteriochlorin (BC), dicyano derivative (NC)2BC and corresponding zinc chelate (NC)2BC–Zn and palladium chelate (NC)2BC–Pd were studied. Direct dilution of a solution of bacteriochlorin in an organic solvent (N,N-dimethylacetamide) into serum-containing medium was compared with the dilution of bacteriochlorin in Cremophor EL (CrEL; polyoxyethylene glycerol triricinoleate) micelles into the same medium. CrEL generally reduced aggregation (as indicated by absorption and fluorescence) and increased activity up to tenfold (depending on bacteriochlorin), although it decreased cellular uptake. The order of PDT activity against HeLa human cancer cells after 24 h incubation and illumination with 10 J cm−2 of near-infrared (NIR) light is (NC)2BC–Pd (LD50 = 25 nm) > (NC)2BC > (NC)2BC–Zn ≈ BC. Subcellular localization was determined to be in the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and lysosomes, depending on the bacteriochlorin. (NC)2BC–Pd showed PDT-mediated damage to mitochondria and lysosomes, and the greatest production of hydroxyl radicals as determined using a hydroxyphenylfluorescein probe. The incorporation of cyano substituents provides an excellent motif for the enhancement of the photoactivity and photostability of bacteriochlorins as PDT photosensitizers.

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“…Hence, diVerent delivery systems such as liposomes, Cremophor EL, cyclodextrin, or lipoproteins have been evaluated in order to facilitate the transport of water-insoluble PS (Derycke and de Witte 2004;Kessel et al 1991;Richter et al 1993;Young et al 1996;Zhou et al 1988). The use of speciWc delivery systems can modulate PS pharmacokinetics and cellular uptake.…”

Section: Delivery Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ROS: Reactive Oxygen Species

김윤미¹,

김영찬²,

정신교³

2013

Encyclopedia of Metalloproteins

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New therapies have been developed using reactive oxygen species produced by light-activation of photosensitizers (PS). Since the lifetime of these species is extremely short and their diVusion in space is limited, the photo-induced reactions primarily aVect the cell organelles labeled by the PS. In addition to the development of molecules with the best optical and photosensitizing properties, considerable research has been done to understand the physico-chemical parameters governing their subcellular localization. In this review, we examine these parameters to establish the structure/eYcacy relationships, which allow speciWc targeting of PS. We examine the eVect of subcellular localization on the cellular response to photosensitization processes. We discuss the determinants of subcellular localization, including the hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance, the speciWc charge eVects and the dynamics of PS' transfer through membranes. SpeciWc targeting can also be achieved with molecular structures able to recognize cellular or intracellular receptors, and this is also dealt with in this paper.

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SITES and EFFICACY OF PHOTODAMAGE BY TIN ETIOPURPURIN in vitro USING DIFFERENT DELIVERY SYSTEMS

Cited by 56 publications

References 14 publications

Mechanisms of porphyrinoid localization in tumors

Mechanisms of porphyrinoid localization in tumors

Stable Synthetic Bacteriochlorins for Photodynamic Therapy: Role of Dicyano Peripheral Groups, Central Metal Substitution (2H, Zn, Pd), and Cremophor EL Delivery

ROS: Reactive Oxygen Species

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