Site‐specific Seed Dormancy in Spartina Alterniflora (Poaceae)

Plyler, Daniel B.; Carrick, Kevin M.

doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1993.tb15290.x

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It may be because S. alterniflora was first introduced in the Fujian province, and gradually spread from the middle to the north and south. According to the literature, S. alterniflora has a robust sexual reproduction ability in North America, which is related to its geographical distribution and plays an important role in population spread and invasion (Callaway and Josselyn, 1992;Plyler and Carrick, 1993). In addition, S. alterniflora seeds have extremely strong salt tolerance characteristics and maintain high activity after soaking in 2-4 • C seawater for 3 months, and their germination ability reaches the maximum (Mooring et al, 1971).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species Distribution Models of the Spartina alterniflora Loisel in Its Origin and Invasive Country Reveal an Ecological Niche Shift

et al. 2021

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Spartina alterniflora is a perennial herb native to the American Atlantic coast and is the dominant plant in coastal intertidal wetlands. Since its introduction to China in 1979, it has quickly spread along the coast and has caused various hazards. To control the further spread of S. alterniflora in China, we first reconstructed the history of the spread of S. alterniflora in its invasion and origin countries. We found that S. alterniflora spreads from the central coast to both sides of the coast in China, while it spreads from the west coast to the east coast in America. Furthermore, by comparing 19 environmental variables of S. alterniflora in its invasion and origin countries, it was found that S. alterniflora is more and more adaptable to the high temperature and dry environment in the invasion country. Finally, we predicted the suitable areas for this species in China and America using the maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model and ArcGIS. Overall, through analysis on the dynamic and trend of environmental characteristics during the invasion of S. alterniflora and predicting its suitable area in the invasion area, it guides preventing its reintroduction and preventing its further spread of the species has been found. It has reference significance for studying other similar alien plants and essential enlightening relevance to its invasion and spread in similar areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species Distribution Models of the Spartina alterniflora Loisel in Its Origin and Invasive Country Reveal an Ecological Niche Shift

et al. 2021

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“…Each provenance is with 10 samples, each sample contained more than 400 filled seeds. Before the germination experiments, the seeds were cleaned with ultra-pure water, cover with 10‰ seawater, placed in sealed and labeled plastic bags within 1 month of collection, and then stored in a refrigerator at 4°C for a 0-, 1-, 3-, or 5-month stratification period to break their dormancy ( Plyler and Carrick, 1993 ; Koning, 2006 ). We removed the seeds that germinated before the germination experiment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To monitor germination, seeds were placed into Petri dishes containing 1 sheet of filter paper and wetted with ultra-pure water to keep seeds moist. The filter paper was wetted or misted daily to prevent seeds from any drying that would cause mortality ( Plyler and Carrick, 1993 ). Dishes were placed in a growth chamber under one of four temperature regimes: 5°C, 15°C, 25°C, or 35°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, cold stratification has been shown to increase germination percentage and germination rate in species such as Arbutus unedo , Corylopsis coreana , Primula beesiana , and Sclerocarya birrea ( Moyo et al, 2009 ; Pipinis, 2017 ; Kim et al, 2018 ; Yang et al, 2020 ). Although longer stratification times are usually needed by species that experience longer winters ( Zhang et al, 2019 ), prolonged seed stratification may reduce germination and subsequent seedling survival ( Plyler and Carrick, 1993 ; Plyler and Proseus, 1996 ). Temperature also affects seed germination ( Baskin and Baskin, 1977 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unraveling the Effects of Cold Stratification and Temperature on the Seed Germination of Invasive Spartina alterniflora Across Latitude

et al. 2022

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Seed germination is critical to the life history of plants, playing an important role in the successful recruitment, colonization, and even invasion of new individuals within and outside population distribution ranges. Cold stratification and temperature are the key factors affecting seed germination traits. Studying how these two factors drive geographical variation in seed germination is essential to analyze and predict the geographical distribution range of alien plants in novel habitats. Spartina alterniflora, native to the United States, was introduced into China in 1979 and has spread over 20° of latitude along the eastern coast of China. Germination plays a crucial role in S. alterniflora’s large-scale invasion and diffusion across latitude. To evaluate the effects of cold stratification and temperature on seed germination of S. alterniflora across latitude, we collected seeds at seven locations across latitude in China. We exposed these provenances to cold stratification at 4°C (0, 1, 3, and 5 months) and germination temperature (5°C, 15°C, 25°C, and 35°C) treatments in growth chambers. Seed germination was observed for 98 days, and we calculated germination rate, germination index, and germination time. Results indicated that longer cold stratification significantly promoted germination rate and germination index, but decreased germination time. Similarly, higher germination temperature significantly promoted germination rate and germination index, but decreased germination time. Moreover, there were significant interactive effects on germination traits between cold stratification and temperature. Seed germination traits showed linear relationships with latitude, indicating that S. alterniflora seeds from different provenances germinated at different times and adopted different germination strategies. The stratification and temperature are the most important factors regulating the dormancy and germination seeds, so they can be important drivers of this variation along latitude. Under scenarios of warmer regional temperature, seeds at higher latitudes could germinate earlier and have higher germination rate, which would favor a potential northern expansion of this invasive plant.

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A comparison of the seed dormancy characteristics of Spartina patens and Spartina alterniflora (Poaceae)

Plyler

Proseus

1996

American J of Botany

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Seed dormancy characteristics of Spartina alterniflora were delineated previously by Plyler and Carrick (American Journal of Botany, vol. 80, pp. 752–756, 1993). This study was undertaken in order to determine whether or not the dormancy characteristics of S. patens are similar. As in the previous study, the site of a dormancy mechanism was determined by assessing the germinability of surgically altered dormant seeds. Likewise, the effects of three growth‐regulating substances (abscisic acid, fusicoccin, and gibberellic acid), prechilling, and light were studied by assessing the germinability of appropriately treated dormant seeds. Surgical injury to the endosperm, and to a lesser extent the scutellum, produced significant germination in S. patens, whereas only injury to the scutellum produced germination in S. alterniflora. Exogenously applied abscisic acid was highly effective in maintaining dormancy in injured seeds of both species. Gibberellic acid and fusicoccin were ineffective in promoting germination in S. patens, but fusicoccin was highly effective in breaking dormancy in 5. alterniflora. Prechilling was effective in breaking dormancy in S. patens but not in S. alterniflora. In S. patens, treatments that broke dormancy were only successful when seeds were exposed to light during the germination period. It is concluded that the dissimilarities in the dormancy mechanisms may be manifestations of the different environmental adaptations these closely related species display.

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Site‐specific Seed Dormancy in Spartina Alterniflora (Poaceae)

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Species Distribution Models of the Spartina alterniflora Loisel in Its Origin and Invasive Country Reveal an Ecological Niche Shift

Species Distribution Models of the Spartina alterniflora Loisel in Its Origin and Invasive Country Reveal an Ecological Niche Shift

Unraveling the Effects of Cold Stratification and Temperature on the Seed Germination of Invasive Spartina alterniflora Across Latitude

A comparison of the seed dormancy characteristics of Spartina patens and Spartina alterniflora (Poaceae)

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