Site effect study in central Mexico using H/V and SSR techniques: Independence of seismic site effects on source characteristics

Lozano, Lucía; Herráiz, M.; Singh, S. K.

doi:10.1016/j.soildyn.2008.05.009

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…A classification of the stations is also given to help future studies of attenuation parameters. Site effect results based on the type of shallow seismicity of this study are compared with results of previous studies (e.g., Singh et al, 2006Singh et al, , 2007Lozano et al, 2009;Castro and Ruíz-Cruz, 2005). These authors have reviewed only a few stations within or around the MVB based on in-slab seismicity and inter-plate seismicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Several studies have included stations within the MVB that have been classified as with NSA, but they did not use the seismicity source types analyzed in this paper (e.g., Singh et al, 2006Singh et al, , 2007Lozano et al, 2009;García et al, 2009), so currently there is no published study based on seismicity records within the MVB for sources also in the MVB. Even when there are seismic stations located within and around this region, which have been identified as having NSA (e.g., Castro and Ruíz-Cruz, 2005;Singh et al, 2006Singh et al, , 2007García et al, 2009;Lozano et al, 2009), it is necessary to compare the level of amplification of each station due to local sources to the values observed for regional sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even when there are seismic stations located within and around this region, which have been identified as having NSA (e.g., Castro and Ruíz-Cruz, 2005;Singh et al, 2006Singh et al, , 2007García et al, 2009;Lozano et al, 2009), it is necessary to compare the level of amplification of each station due to local sources to the values observed for regional sources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the behavior of site effects in central Mexico (the Mexican volcanic belt – MVB), based on records of shallow earthquakes that occurred in the zone between 1998 and 2011

Clemente-Chavez¹,

Zúñiga²,

Lermo³

et al. 2014

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The Mexican volcanic belt (MVB) is a seismogenic zone that transects the central part of Mexico with an east-west orientation. The seismic risk and hazard of this seismogenic zone has not been studied in detail due to the scarcity of instrumental data as well as because seismicity in the continental regime of central Mexico is not too frequent. However, it is known that there are precedents of large earthquakes (M w > 6.0) that have taken place in this zone. The valley of Mexico City (VM) is the sole zone, within the MVB, that has been studied in detail. Studies have mainly focused on the ground amplification during large events such as the 1985 subduction earthquake that occurred off coast of Michoacán. The purpose of this article is to analyze the behavior of site effects in the MVB zone based on records of shallow earthquakes (data not reported before) that occurred in the zone between 1998 and 2011. We present a general overview of site effects in the MVB, a classification of the stations in order to reduce the uncertainty in the data when obtaining attenuation parameters in future works, as well as some comparisons between the information presented here and that presented in previous studies.A regional evaluation of site effects and Fourier acceleration spectrum (FAS) shape was estimated based on 80 records of 22 shallow earthquakes within the MVB zone. Data of 25 stations were analyzed. Site effects were estimated by using the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) methodology. The results show that seismic waves are less amplified in the northeast sites of the MVB with respect to the rest of the zone and that it is possible to classify two groups of stations: (1) stations with negligible site amplification (NSA) and (2) stations with significant site amplification (SSA). Most of the sites in the first group showed small (< 3) amplifications while the second group showed amplifications ranging from 4 to 6.5 at frequencies of about 0.35, 0.75, 15 and 23 Hz. With these groups of stations, average levels of amplification were contrasted for the first time with those caused by the subduction zone earthquakes. With respect to the FAS shapes, most of them showed similarities at similar epicentral distances. Finally, some variations of site effects were found when compared to those obtained in previous studies on different seismicity regions. These variations were attributed to the location of the source.These aspects help to advance the understanding about the amplification behavior and of the expected seismic risk on central Mexico due to large earthquakes within the MVB seismogenic zone.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the behavior of site effects in central Mexico (the Mexican volcanic belt – MVB), based on records of shallow earthquakes that occurred in the zone between 1998 and 2011

Clemente-Chavez¹,

Zúñiga²,

Lermo³

et al. 2014

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The lowest SNR cutoff value used is 2 (e.g., Borcherdt and Gibbs, 1976;Rogers et al, 1984;Darragh and Shakal, 1991;Satoh et al, 2001;Lozano et al, 2009). Most studies use the value of 3 (e.g., Field and Jacob, 1995;Theodulidis et al, 1996;Lachet et al, 1996;Bonilla et al, 1997Bonilla et al, , 2002Di Giacomo et al, 2005;Sawazaki et al, 2009).…”

Section: Signal-to-noise Ratio and Variance Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variance Reduction and Signal-to-Noise Ratio: Reducing Uncertainty in Spectral Ratios

Ktenidou¹,

Chávez-García²,

Pitilakis³

2011

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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This paper uses an unusually large dataset to study scatter in site-effect estimation, focusing on how the events that increase uncertainty can be removed from the dataset. Four hundred seventy-three weak motion earthquake records from the surface and bedrock of a 178-m-deep borehole in Aegion, Gulf of Corinth, Greece, are used to evaluate spectral ratios. A simple statistical tool, variance reduction (VR), is first used to identify two groups of events that lie closest and farthest from the average, which is considered here as the initial best estimate of the site response. The scatter in the original dataset is found to be due to the group of events with smallest VR. These events can be removed from the dataset in order to compute a more reliable site response. However, VR is not normally used to choose records for siteeffect studies, and it cannot be applied to the usual small datasets available. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is normally used to this end, for which reason we investigate whether SNR can be used to achieve similar results as VR. Signal-to-noise ratio is estimated using different definitions. Data selection based on SNR is then compared to that using VR in order to define an SNR-based criterion that discriminates against events that, according to VR, increase scatter. We find that defining the SNR of a surface record as the mean value over a frequency range around the resonant peak (here, 0.5-1.5 Hz) and using a cutoff value of 5 may be used in this case to exclude most events for which VR is small. This process is also applied to the downhole station, where we obtain similar results for a cutoff value of 3.

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“…Recently, there has been debate on whether site effects are affected by source characteristics. Olsen (2000), Triantafyllidis et al (2002), and Parvez et al (2006) concluded that site effects depend not only on local soil characteristics but also on source characteristics based on fi nite difference methods or hybrid methods combining modal summation and fi nite difference, while Lozano et al (2009) found that the dependence of site effects on the source characteristics is negligible by using spectral ratio techniques. Therefore, the conclusions regarding the role of the source in site responses drawn from numerical and empirical methods are totally opposite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analytical solution to the scattering of cylindrical SH waves by a partially filled semi-circular alluvial valley: near-source site effects

Zhang

Gao

Yang

et al. 2015

Earthq. Eng. Eng. Vib.

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The earth's surface irregularities can substantially affect seismic waves and induce amplifi cations of ground motions. This study investigates whether and how the source characteristics affect the site amplifi cation effects. An analytical model of a line source of cylindrical waves impinging on an alluvial valley is proposed to link the source and site. The analytical solution to this problem proves one aspect of the strong effect of source on site amplifi cation, i.e., the wave curvature effect. It is found that the site amplifi cation depends on the source location, especially under conditions of a small source-to-site distance. Whether the displacement is amplifi ed or reduced and the size of the amplifi cation or reduction may be determined by the location of the source. It is suggested that traditional studies of site responses, which usually ignore the source effect, should be further improved by combining the source with site effects.

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Site effect study in central Mexico using H/V and SSR techniques: Independence of seismic site effects on source characteristics

Cited by 20 publications

References 28 publications

On the behavior of site effects in central Mexico (the Mexican volcanic belt – MVB), based on records of shallow earthquakes that occurred in the zone between 1998 and 2011

On the behavior of site effects in central Mexico (the Mexican volcanic belt – MVB), based on records of shallow earthquakes that occurred in the zone between 1998 and 2011

Variance Reduction and Signal-to-Noise Ratio: Reducing Uncertainty in Spectral Ratios

An analytical solution to the scattering of cylindrical SH waves by a partially filled semi-circular alluvial valley: near-source site effects

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