Site chronology and a review of radiocarbon dates from Fiji

Clark, Geoffrey; Anderson, Atholl

doi:10.22459/ta31.12.2009.07

Cited by 9 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Beach rock quarries are abundant throughout Tonga, and quarrying techniques and expertise became highly developed by professional stonemasons in the dynastic chiefdom period (Burley 1998a). The presence of quarries in Lau (Clark and Anderson 2009a) provides yet another indication of Tongan immigration. 6 Finally, the third area I highlight is masi/ngatu manufacture and decoration.…”

Section: Tongan Migrations To Laumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Decorative applications and styles changed but with systematic and gradual transition in vessel form 6. The cover photo for the volume Early Fijian Prehistory, by Clark and Anderson (2009a), illustrates a beach slab quarry on the shoreline of Kabara, Lau. This is probably unintended, but certainly ironic, since the volume presents arguments against migration in Fijian prehistory, albeit from central Island Melanesia.…”

Section: The Mid-sequence Transition In Southwestern Viti Levumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The "Lapita peoples" (after Kirch 1997) began moving eastward from the Bismarck Archipelago off the north New Guinea coast sometime after 3200 BP, ultimately arriving in Fiji by no later than 3000 BP and in Tonga/Samoa a century and a half thereafter (Burley, Weisler, and Zhao 2012;Clark and Anderson 2009b;Nunn 2007; see fig. 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the ensuing period between 2850 and 2950 BP, the Lapita settlement landscape in Fiji begins to be filled. Additional Lapita sites with western-style Lapita ceramics occur on Viti Levu at Natunuku and Yanuca (Clark and Anderson 2009a), in the Koro sea area of central Fiji at Moturiki and Naigani islands (Irwin et al 2011;Nunn et al 2007), and again in northeastern Vanua Levu at Kevewa Island (Burley, unpublished data). Temper sand originating from Kadavu Island occurs in Lapita ceramics at Moturiki , indicating a contemporaneous Lapita presence to the south.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fijian Polygenesis and the Melanesian/Polynesian Divide

Burley¹

2013

Current Anthropology

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Cultural, linguistic, and phenotypic differences between Fijian and West Polynesian peoples demarcate the historically defined Melanesian/Polynesian divide. As both regions are claimed to have a common Lapita ancestry, the question of how Fijians became Fijian and not Polynesian is addressed. A 3,000-year-long process of polygenesis is argued, beginning initially with a founder event and interaction sphere discrete from West Polynesia. Polygenesis subsequently amplifies through engagement with and outright immigration by groups from both the west and east.

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Section: Tongan Migrations To Laumentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Mid-sequence Transition In Southwestern Viti Levumentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fijian Polygenesis and the Melanesian/Polynesian Divide

Burley¹

2013

Current Anthropology

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“…The bulk of the cultural remains (including pottery, shell, bone and charcoal) was found in the upper layer, with the three layers beneath containing only sparse remains or no remains at all ). Excavations revealed both Lapita period and post-Lapita ceramics, though the major period of use is thought to fall between 2500 and 1000 BP (Anderson and Clark, 1999:33;Clark and Anderson, 2009). Radiocarbon determinations reflect the disturbed nature of the site, with disturbances by both human and natural agencies being noted during excavation (Anderson and Clark, 1999:33).…”

Section: Background To the Case Study Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial hermit crabs (Anomura: Coenobitidae) as taphonomic agents in circum-tropical coastal sites

Szabó

2012

Journal of Archaeological Science

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a b s t r a c tHermit crabs are ever alert for more suitable shells to inhabit, but what this may mean for coastal shell middens has rarely been considered. Here, the impact of the most landward-based of hermit crab families, the tropical Coenobitidae, upon archaeological shell-bearing deposits is assessed using a case study: the Neolithic Ugaga site from Fiji. At Ugaga, hermit crabs were found to have removed the majority of shells from the midden and had deposited their old, worn shells in return. The behavioural ecology of genus Coenobita suggests a mutualistic interaction whereby humans make available shell and food resources to hermit crabs, which in turn provide a site cleaning service by consuming human and domestic waste. Diagnostic indicators of terrestrial hermit crab wear patterns on gastropod shells are outlined and the conditions under which extensive 'hermitting' of shell midden deposits may occur are investigated. The ability to recognise hermit crab modification of shells is considered not only important for archaeomalacologists analysing tropical shell deposits, but also for field archaeologists wishing to select suitable shell samples for radiocarbon dating.

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Rethinking Polynesians origins: A West‐Polynesia Triple‐I Model

Addison

Matisoo‐Smith

2010

Archaeology in Oceania

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the last twenty years has seen an apparent consensus that the immediate origins of Polynesian language, culture and biology lie solely with the lapita peoples and cultures that settled Samoa and tonga by 2700 years ago. We suggest that there is increasing evidence that does not sit well with this generally accepted view of Polynesian origins and thus we put forward an alternative model for consideration. Building on Green's suggestion of over 20 years ago, we propose that some of the ideas in his triple-I model (Green 1991a) might also be usefully applied to conceptualizing the processes involved in Polynesian origins. Specifically, we suggest that in addition to lapita origins, there were significant later elements introduced to Polynesia that were fundamental to the development of Polynesian culture and biology prior to the settlement of East Polynesia. Current data suggest that some of these elements are shared with Micronesia and may be ultimately derived from post-lapita population movements, perhaps from Island Southeast Asia through the low islands of the Carolines, Kiribati and tuvalu to West Polynesia.

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Site chronology and a review of radiocarbon dates from Fiji

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Fijian Polygenesis and the Melanesian/Polynesian Divide

Fijian Polygenesis and the Melanesian/Polynesian Divide

Terrestrial hermit crabs (Anomura: Coenobitidae) as taphonomic agents in circum-tropical coastal sites

Rethinking Polynesians origins: A West‐Polynesia Triple‐I Model

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