Sister chromatid exchanges in ring chromosomes following X‐irradiation of human lymphocytes

Kanda, Reiko; Yamagishi, Yuya; Hayata, Isamu

doi:10.1080/0955300042000213673

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…On the other hand, extra fragments were detected at all doses, but in a similar way to rings, the frequency in G2/M-PCC cells was always significantly higher than in M cells. Higher frequencies of extra fragments in G2/ M-PCC cells to those in M-cells were also observed after X-or c-ray irradiation (Kovacs et al 1994;Kanda et al 2004;Puig et al 2013). Using pan-telomeric and pan-centromeric PNA probes it was reported that the G2/M checkpoint negatively selects cells with incomplete chromosome aberrations (Rodr ıguez et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of α-particle-induced chromosomal aberrations by chemically-induced PCC. Elaboration of dose-effect curves

Puig

Pujol

Barrios

et al. 2016

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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In a similar way to high-dose exposures to low-LET radiations, cells show difficulties reaching mitosis after high-LET radiation exposure. For this reason, techniques have been proposed that are able to analyze chromosome aberrations in interphase by prematurely condensing the chromosomes (PCC-techniques). Few dose-effect curves for high-LET radiation types have been reported, and none for α-particles. The aim of this study was to evaluate, by chemically-induced PCC, the chromosome aberrations induced by several doses of α-particles. Monolayers of peripheral lymphocytes were exposed to an α-source of Americium-241 with a mean energy entering the cells of 2.7 MeV. Lymphocytes were exposed to 10 doses, from 0-2.5 Gy, and then cultured for 48 h. Colcemid and Calyculin-A were added at 24 and 1 h before harvesting, respectively. During microscope analysis, chromosome rings and extra chromosome pieces were scored in G2/M-PCC and M cells, while dicentric chromosomes were only scored in M cells. As the dose increased, fewer cells were able to reach mitosis and the proportion of G2/M-PCC cells increased. Chromosome rings were hardly observed in M cells when compared to G2/M-PCC cells. Extra fragments were more frequent than rings in both G2/M-PCC and M cells, but with lower frequencies than in G2/M-PCC cells. The distribution of dicentrics and extra fragments showed a clear overdispersion; this was not so evident for rings. The dose-effect curves obtained fitted very well to a linear model. Damaged cells after α-particle irradiation show more difficulties in reaching mitosis than cells exposed to γ-rays. After α-particle irradiation the frequency of all the chromosome aberrations considered increased linearly with the dose, and α-particles clearly produced more dicentrics and extra chromosome pieces with respect to γ-rays. After α-particle exposure, the existence of extra chromosome fragments in PCC cells seems to be a good candidate for use as a biomarker for dose assessment. However, the observed frequencies of different types of chromosomal aberrations could be influenced by some methodological aspects; for this reason, and in order to avoid possible methodological bias, standardization of the technique will be desirable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of α-particle-induced chromosomal aberrations by chemically-induced PCC. Elaboration of dose-effect curves

Puig

Pujol

Barrios

et al. 2016

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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“…After observation by AFM, some slides were destained with methanol/acetic acid, treated with RNase A, and processed for hybridization according to a dual staining method developed for the successive application of Giemsa staining and Xuorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) painting in the same metaphase [12][13][14]. The centromeric regions of all human chromosomes were labeled with biotinylated human pan centromeric chromosome paint (STAR FISH, Cambio, Cambridge, UK) conjugated with avidin-Xuorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) (Roche Diagnostics, Tokyo, Japan) according to the manufacturer's instructions.…”

Section: Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Of Centromeresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of ionizing radiation-induced ring chromosomes by atomic force microscopy

Murakami¹,

Kanda²,

Minamihisamatsu³

et al. 2004

Analytical Biochemistry

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“…Also, in chemically induced PCCs at G 2 phase, the centromeres are not clearly visible, thus making a G 2 -phase cell easily distinguishable from a metaphase cell [32]. Apart from calyculin-A, other phosphatase inhibitors have been used for the chemical induction of PCCs, such as okadaic acid [51,52,53]. However, it has been mentioned that the efficiency of the induction of PCC by calyculin-A is greater than that by okadaic acid [54].…”

Section: Chemically Induced Pccmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results demonstrated that chromosomal damage increased with LET in both interphase and metaphase cells, and that the number of chromosomal aberrations observed in interphase was threefold higher than in metaphase. Other scientific groups have combined chemically induced PCC in irradiated lymphocytes with pan-centromeric FISH in order to examine whether X-rays induce SCEs in ring chromosomes [51]. Gotoh and Asakawa [66] used okadaic acid-induced PCC in combination with chromosome painting to detect and evaluate chromosomal aberrations induced by high doses (>40 Gy) of γ-irradiation.…”

Section: Biodosimetry and Biomonitoring Of Exposure To Ionizing Radiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Theoretically, it is possible to view interphase chromosomes of many, perhaps all, animal species by fusing mitotic cells with interphase cells. Until now, the PCC analysis has been applied for biodosimetry and/or genotoxicity studies in numerous types of cells, such as human, monkey, and rat peripheral blood lymphocytes; CHO cells; rodent spleen cells [35,37,39,51,115]; embryonic mouse cells [70]; human fetal cells from amniotic fluid [82]; HeLa cells [100]; fibroblasts [56,115]; as well as plant cells. To date, the PCC method has been successfully applied in chromosomal examination of human mesodermal cells (i.e., peripheral blood lymphocytes, bone marrow, fibroblasts obtained from by skin biopsies); further studies could also focus on the examination of ectodermal material by means of PCC, in order to gain valuable information especially in the cases of presumable mosaicism [106].…”

Section: Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of premature chromosome condensation to study in interphase cells the influence of environmental factors on human genetic material

Hatzi

Terzoudi

Paraskevopoulou

et al. 2006

The Scientific World JOURNAL

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Nowadays, there is a constantly increasing concern regarding the mutagenic and carcinogenic potential of a variety of harmful environmental factors to which humans are exposed in their natural and anthropogenic environment. These factors exert their hazardous potential in humans' personal (diet, smoking, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics) and occupational environment that constitute part of the anthropogenic environment. It is well known that genetic damage due to these factors has dramatic implications for human health. Since most of the environmental genotoxic factors induce arrest or delay in cell cycle progression, the conventional analysis of chromosomes at metaphase may underestimate their genotoxic potential. Premature Chromosome Condensation (PCC) induced either by means of cell fusion or specific chemicals, enables the microscopic visualization of interphase chromosomes whose morphology depends on the cell cycle stage, as well as the analysis of structural and numerical aberrations at the G1 and G2 phases of the cell cycle. The PCC has been successfully used in problems involving cell cycle analysis, diagnosis and prognosis of human leukaemia, assessment of interphase chromosome malformations resulting from exposure to radiation or chemicals, as well as elucidation of the mechanisms underlying the conversion of DNA damage into chromosomal damage. In this report, particular emphasis is given to the advantages of the PCC methodology used as an alternative to conventional metaphase analysis in answering questions in the fields of radiobiology, biological dosimetry, toxicogenetics, clinical cytogenetics and experimental therapeutics.

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Sister chromatid exchanges in ring chromosomes following X‐irradiation of human lymphocytes

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Analysis of α-particle-induced chromosomal aberrations by chemically-induced PCC. Elaboration of dose-effect curves

Analysis of α-particle-induced chromosomal aberrations by chemically-induced PCC. Elaboration of dose-effect curves

Characterization of ionizing radiation-induced ring chromosomes by atomic force microscopy

The use of premature chromosome condensation to study in interphase cells the influence of environmental factors on human genetic material

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