Sister Chromatid Exchanges in Mammalian Meiotic Chromosomes

Allen, James W.; Gwaltney, C W

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-4892-4_11

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 27 publications

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“…Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) has been observed in hamster and mouse spermatocytes (Kanda and Kato 1980;Allen and Gwaltney 1984), albeit rarely and with a preference for the sex chromosomes (Allen and Latt 1976). Aside from the small pseudoautosomal region (PAR) that synapses between the X and Y, it is presumed that repair of the remaining DSBs requires IS recombination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Evidence That Synaptonemal Complex Axial Elements Govern Recombination Pathway Choice in Mice

Bolcun-Filas

Schimenti

2011

Genetics

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Chiasmata resulting from interhomolog recombination are critical for proper chromosome segregation at meiotic metaphase I, thus preventing aneuploidy and consequent deleterious effects. Recombination in meiosis is driven by programmed induction of double strand breaks (DSBs), and the repair of these breaks occurs primarily by recombination between homologous chromosomes, not sister chromatids. Almost nothing is known about the basis for recombination partner choice in mammals. We addressed this problem using a genetic approach. Since meiotic recombination is coupled with synaptonemal complex (SC) morphogenesis, we explored the role of axial elements -precursors to the lateral element in the mature SC -in recombination partner choice, DSB repair pathways, and checkpoint control. Female mice lacking the SC axial element protein SYCP3 produce viable, but often aneuploid, oocytes. We describe genetic studies indicating that while DSB-containing Sycp3 2/2 oocytes can be eliminated efficiently, those that survive have completed repair before the execution of an intact DNA damage checkpoint. We find that the requirement for DMC1 and TRIP13, proteins normally essential for recombination repair of meiotic DSBs, is substantially bypassed in Sycp3 and Sycp2 mutants. This bypass requires RAD54, a functionally conserved protein that promotes intersister recombination in yeast meiosis and mammalian mitotic cells. Immunocytological and genetic studies indicated that the bypass in Sycp3 2/2 Dmc1 2/2 oocytes was linked to increased DSB repair. These experiments lead us to hypothesize that axial elements mediate the activities of recombination proteins to favor interhomolog, rather than intersister recombinational repair of genetically programmed DSBs in mice. The elimination of this activity in SYCP3-or SYCP2-deficient oocytes may underlie the aneuploidy in derivative mouse embryos and spontaneous abortions in women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Evidence That Synaptonemal Complex Axial Elements Govern Recombination Pathway Choice in Mice

Bolcun-Filas

Schimenti

2011

Genetics

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Frequency and distribution of chiasmata in Syrian hamster spermatocytes studied by the BrdU antibody technique

Latos‐Bieleńska

Vogel

1990

Chromosoma

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The frequency and distribution of chiasmata and the nature of terminal "associations" was re-examined in Syrian hamster spermatocytes using the 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) antibody technique (BAT) for differential chromatid labelling. Differential chromatid substitution was achieved by BrdU incorporation at the penultimate pre-meiotic S-phase followed by one of three different staining protocols: (i) fluorescence plus Giemsa (FPG), (ii) acridine orange staining or (iii) BAT. For analysis of chiasmata frequency and localization in the diplotene/diakinesis stages the resolution of FPG and acridine orange staining was comparable to that of BAT. In metaphase II chromosomes BAT was more informative than FPG and acridine orange staining and revealed small, terminal crossover exchanges. This finding proves that many terminal associations of meiotic chromosomes actually represent chiasmata at the end of the first meiotic division. Some crossover exchanges were localized in the constitutive heterochromatin of autosomes. Using BAT we also detected crossover exchanges in close vicinity to each other. This observation is reminiscent of the fact that crossing over interference means a reduction in frequency and does not imply total inhibition.

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Sister Chromatid Exchanges in Mammalian Meiotic Chromosomes

Cited by 2 publications

References 27 publications

Genetic Evidence That Synaptonemal Complex Axial Elements Govern Recombination Pathway Choice in Mice

Genetic Evidence That Synaptonemal Complex Axial Elements Govern Recombination Pathway Choice in Mice

Frequency and distribution of chiasmata in Syrian hamster spermatocytes studied by the BrdU antibody technique

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