Sister chromatid exchange analysis in patients with psoriasis

Abstract

Psoriasis is a common, chronic inflammatory skin disease with unknown aetiology. An increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and insufficient antioxidant activity have been determined in psoriatic lesions. The analysis of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) is a cytogenetic technique used to show DNA damage caused by an exchange of DNA fragments between sister chromatids. The study aimed to determine the rates of SCE in psoriatic patients (17 female and 19 male) and healthy controls (15 female and 15 male) as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GP) and catalase (CAT) activity in both groups. We found significantly higher SCE rates in the patients (P < 0.00001). In addition, statistically significant decreased levels of erythrocyte SOD and CAT activities were noted in the patients(P < 0.001 and P < 0.05 respectively). Furthermore, a statistically significant increased erythrocyte GP activity was found in the psoriasis group (P < 0.05). Our results indicate that chromosomal instability may play an important part in the aetiology of psoriasis. In addition, the results support the hypothesis of an imbalance in the oxidant-antioxidant system in psoriasis.

The Involvement of Oxidative Stress in Psoriasis: A Systematic Review

“…Moreover, although in several studies conducted in Egypt and India correlations were observed between the levels of total antioxidant status, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and psoriasis severity, in the research of Baz et al who analyzed the Turkish population, these correlations were not confirmed [ 64 ]. What is more, in terms of antioxidant balance, although it is altered in individuals diagnosed with psoriasis, no correlations were identified between superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and age, PASI score or disease duration in Karaman et al ’s investigation [ 61 ]. Neither did Hashemi et al detect any correlation between adenosine deaminase, serum trypsin inhibitory capacity or total antioxidant status and the severity nor duration of the disease, despite statistically significantly differences in psoriasis subjects versus controls [ 56 ].…”

“…Thus, following the analysis of the included studies, most papers delineated a significant alteration of the redox balance, with a significant decrease in antioxidant enzymes and antioxidant markers and an increase in pro-oxidant molecules in psoriasis. A conundrum of research endeavors which collected venous blood samples from individuals suffering from psoriasis with variable duration of the disease detected low levels of total antioxidant status [ 37 , 38 , 46 , 47 , 51 , 54 , 63 , 64 ] and alterations in enzymes involved in decreasing free oxygen radicals concentrations, i.e., catalase [ 21 , 22 , 39 , 40 , 47 , 54 , 61 ], superoxide dismutase [ 39 , 47 , 54 , 61 , 63 , 65 ], paraoxonase-1 [ 15 , 23 , 39 , 43 , 50 , 51 ] and glutathione peroxidase [ 25 , 63 ]. Several studies with contradictory results were also present, highlighting that in psoriasis a significant elevation in the levels of the aforementioned antioxidant molecules can also occur [ 14 , 25 , 61 , 65 ].…”

“…A conundrum of research endeavors which collected venous blood samples from individuals suffering from psoriasis with variable duration of the disease detected low levels of total antioxidant status [ 37 , 38 , 46 , 47 , 51 , 54 , 63 , 64 ] and alterations in enzymes involved in decreasing free oxygen radicals concentrations, i.e., catalase [ 21 , 22 , 39 , 40 , 47 , 54 , 61 ], superoxide dismutase [ 39 , 47 , 54 , 61 , 63 , 65 ], paraoxonase-1 [ 15 , 23 , 39 , 43 , 50 , 51 ] and glutathione peroxidase [ 25 , 63 ]. Several studies with contradictory results were also present, highlighting that in psoriasis a significant elevation in the levels of the aforementioned antioxidant molecules can also occur [ 14 , 25 , 61 , 65 ]. We may hypothesize that, in psoriasis, there is a compensatory increase in antioxidant systems in order to counterbalance the elevated levels of oxidative stress.…”

Chromosomal Aberrations and Oxidative Stress in Psoriatic Patients with and without Metabolic Syndrome

“…Karaman et al evaluated the exchange of DNA fragments between sister chromatids (SCE) in patients with psoriasis and compared the results with healthy controls. They discovered that psoriasis increased the rate of SCE [ 40 ]. Molès et al revealed that psoriasis increased the amount of cytosolic DNA in keratinocytes.…”

Chronic Inflammation as the Underlying Mechanism of the Development of Lung Diseases in Psoriasis: A Systematic Review

“…DNA damage, hereinafter referred to as the genetic DNA fragment between sister chromatids, can be detected using the analysis of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) [141]. In one study, significantly higher SCE rates were observed in the peripheral lymphocytes of patients with psoriasis [142]. Variations in SCE have also been found in other chronic diseases, but COPD does not appear to be associated with DNA damage [143].…”