Sistemas de información geográfica: aplicación práctica para el estudio de atropellos en el Cercado de Lima, Perú

Abstract

The aim of this study was to geospatially explore the occurrence rates of car accidents involving pedestrians in Cercado de Lima (Lima District), Peru. Car accidents involving pedestrians recorded in the 2015 National Police Station Census of the National Statistics and Information Institute were described and georeferenced. Subsequently, a Kernel Density analysis was carried out to locate areas with high, medium, and low density events. Records of 171 car accidents involving pedestrians were studied: the types of vehicles involved were automobiles (56.7%) and smaller vehicles (22.8%). The highest percentage of car accidents involving pedestrians (38.6%) took place between 12:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m. There were two densely populated areas and two areas with intermediate density for car accidents involving pedestrians, locations that were previously reported as critical due to their deficiencies and high probability of traffic accidents. The use of geographic information systems offers a quick overview of the occurrence rates of car accidents involving pedestrians to make comparisons and enable the local implementation of strategies.

Predictors and geographic analysis of road traffic accidents in Leon, Nicaragua

“…14 The presence of intersections, trees that obstruct vision while driving or walking, and pedestrian space occupied by informal businesses can increase the risk of crashes. 15,16,25 In this study, a greater number of accidents occurred on asphalt roads that were in good conditions and on roads that contained bicycle lanes. This is in line with previous studies that showed association of adverse infrastructure conditions, such as road surface conditions, street type and road width, lighting as well as location type with higher odds to RTA.…”

“…19 Our spatial analysis using GIS allowed us to visualize the occurrence of road accidents in a simple yet impactful way, serving as a useful tool to aid in developing urban and health policies. 15,[36][37][38][39] The occurrence of crashes in areas of high density could be prevented by implementing improved road signaling, traffic management, and repair of damaged roads. 19 Despite limited resources, LMIC like Nicaragua's should consider including effective administration of urban population growth and public transportation in public policies, prioritizing use of alternate routes during periods of heavy vehicular and pedestrian traffic.…”

“…[11][12][13] For example, areas of high commercial or touristic activity in which there is heavy foot traffic tend to have higher incidence of accidents. [14][15][16] Likewise, studies show that areas near bus stops, colleges and universities, commercial centers, and hospitals increment the likelihood of crashes. 17,18 The use of GIS to describe the environments in which RTA have occurred can facilitate the proper management of economic resources to mitigate its effects on health.…”