Sistemas atmosféricos associados a eventos de inundação costeira na Enseada de Tijucas - Santa Catarina

Abstract

Sistemas costeiros semiabrigados, embora menos estudados que os setores voltados ao mar aberto, também são suscetíveis aos efeitos decorrentes da atuação dos eventos de maré de tempestade. A fim de contribuir com o avanço do conhecimento sobre quais são os principais sistemas atmosféricos associados às inundações costeiras em um desses ambientes, as condições meteorológicas e oceanográficas simultâneas à ocorrência de eventos registrados entre 2002 a 2020 na Enseada de Tijucas-SC foram investigadas neste trabalho. Para tal, foi efetuada a identificação dos sistemas atmosféricos atuantes no Atlântico Sul, suas localizações e tempo de atuação. Outras variáveis auxiliaram na caracterização dos eventos, como dados meteorológicos e maregráficos. Teleconexões como o El Niño-Oscilação Sul também foram relacionadas aos casos de inundação costeira identificados. O padrão atmosférico encontrado para a maioria dos casos é composto pela passagem de frente fria por Santa Catarina, desenvolvimento de ciclone extratropical e queda da pressão atmosférica para valores menores do que 1010 hPa de um a dois dias antecedentes ao evento. O padrão de formação dos ciclones encontrado em 70% dos eventos abarcava as latitudes entre 35°S e 42,5°S, com deslocamento destes sistemas para leste. 90% das inundações ocorreram durante maré alta e 70% em maré de sizígia. A maioria dos eventos ocorreu sob influência do El Niño-Oscilação Sul (fase La Niña), ainda que em alguns casos a fase de El Niño muito forte houvesse recém-finalizada. Atmospheric systems associated with coastal flooding events at Enseada de Tijucas - Santa Catarina A B S T R A C TSemi-sheltered coastal systems, although less studied than open-sea coasts, are also susceptible to the effects of storm surge events. In order to contribute to the knowledge about the main atmospheric systems associated with coastal inundations in such environments, the meteorological and oceanographic conditions simultaneous to the events recorded from 2002 to 2020 at Enseada de Tijucas were investigated in this research. For this, the atmospheric systems operating in the South Atlantic, their locations and time of operation were described. Other variables, such as meteorological and tidal data, also helped to characterize the events. Teleconnections such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation were also related to coastal inundations cases. The atmospheric pattern found for most events is composed by the passage of a cold front through Santa Catarina, the development of an extra-tropical cyclone and the drop in atmospheric pressure to values below 1010 hPa one to two days prior to the event. The cyclone formation pattern found in 70% of events covered latitudes between 35° S and 42.5° S, with the displacement of these systems to the east. 90% of the inundations occurred during high tide and 70% during spring tide. Most events were influenced by El Niño-South Oscillation (La Niña phase), although in some cases a very strong El Niño phase had just ended by the moment of the event.Keywords: Storm surge. Extratropical cyclone. Extreme events. Susceptibility.

40 Years Extreme Offshore Waves off the Eastern Continental Shelf of Rio Grande do Norte, Northeast Brazil

“…In the shallow regions of continental shelf, they go under transformation phenomena such as refraction, diffraction and shoaling, which dissipate energy (Holthuijsen, 2007). Synergic effects of wind, waves, tide and precipitation cause extreme sea levels due to storm surges and wave set-up (Thurman and Trujillo, 2011;Santos and Bonetti, 2021). Even though extreme wave events are low frequency in time series, they cause impactful damages on coastal populations and urban structures.…”

“…Extreme sea level events have eroded and flooded lowlands along the coast of Rio Grande do Norte State (RN), Northeast Brazil, promoting damages to structures and buildings near shoreline (e.g., Scudelari et al, 2005;Santos-Jr. et al, 2011;Busman et al, 2014;Amaro et al, 2015;Scudelari et al, 2016;Marcelino et al, 2018;Prudêncio et al, 2019;Câmara et al, 2019;Matos et al, 2020;Scudelari et al, 2021;. Those processes have harmed urban goods, industries, tourism, traditional populations, beach recreation, real estate market and sensitive ecosystems (e.g., Boori et al, 2010;Busman et al, 2016;Marcelino et al, 2018;Aguiar et al, 2019;Silva et al, 2020;Weiner et al, 2021;Lacerda et al 2022;Zamboni et al, 2022).…”