SiPMs coated with TPB: coating protocol and characterization for NEXT

Álvarez, V.; Agramunt, J.; Ball, M.; Batallé, M; Bayarri, J; Borges, F.I.G.M.; Bolink, Henk J.; Brine, Hicham; Cárcel, S.; Carmona, J. M.; Castel, J.; Catala, J.; Cebrián, S.; Chan, D.; Conde, C.A.N.; Dafní, T.; Dias, T.H.V.T.; Díaz, Julio Pérez; Esteve, R.; Evtoukhovitch, P.; Ferrando, J Rosello; Fernandes, L. M. P.; Ferrario, P.; Ferreira, A. L.; Ferrer‐Ribas, E.; Freitas, E.D.C.; García, S A; Gil, A.; Giomataris, I.; Goldschmidt, A.; Gomez, E.; Gómez, H.; Gómez-Cadenas, J.J.; González, K; Gutiérrez, Rafael; Hauptman, J. M.; Hernando-Morata, J. A.; Herrera, D.C.; Herrero, V.; Iguaz, F.J.; Irastorza, I. G.; Kalinnikov, V. A.; Labarga, L.; Liubarsky, I.; Lopes, J. A. M.; Lorca, D.; Losada, M.; Luzón, G.; Marí, A.; Martín-Albo, J.; Mendez, A; Miller, T.; Moisenko, A.; Monrabal, F.; Monteiro, C. M. B.; Monzó, J.M.; Mora, Francisco; Vidal, J. Muñoz; Luz, H. Natal da; Navarro, G.; Nebot, Miguel; Nygren, D. R.; Oliveira, C.; Palma, Roberto; Pérez-Aparicio, José L.; Pérez, Javier Laso; Radicioni, E.; Quinto, M.; Renner, J.; Ripoll, L.; Rodríguez, A. Soto; Rodriguez, J.; Santos, F.P.; Santos, J.M.F. dos; Serra, Llorenç; Shuman, D.; Sofka, C.; Sorel, M.; Soriano, Antonio; Spieler, H.; Toledo, J.F.; Collell, Julien; Tomás, A.; Tsamalaidze, Z.; Vázquez, D. Domínguez; Velicheva, E. P.; Veloso, J.F.C.A.; Villar, J.A.; Webb, R.; Weber, Thorsten; White, James T.; Yahlali, N.

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/7/02/p02010

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The SiPM PCBs (DICE boards) were coated to a TPB thickness of 0.1 mg cm −2 by evaporation under high vacuum using the techniques described in detail in [9]. The peak of the emission spectrum of TPB (430 nm) matches the region of highest quantum efficiency of the SiPMs well and at the selected TPB thickness the transmittance of the shifted light is > 96% [9]. While higher transmittance is possible with a thinner coating, the variance of the effective conversion efficiency tends to increase.…”

Section: Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operation and first results of the NEXT-DEMO prototype using a silicon photomultiplier tracking array

et al. 2013

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NEXT-DEMO is a high-pressure xenon gas TPC which acts as a technological testbed and demonstrator for the NEXT-100 neutrinoless double beta decay experiment. In its current configuration the apparatus fully implements the NEXT-100 design concept. This is an asymmetric TPC, with an energy plane made of photomultipliers and a tracking plane made of silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) coated with TPB. The detector in this new configuration has been used to reconstruct the characteristic signature of electrons in dense gas. Demonstrating the ability to identify the MIP and "blob" regions. Moreover, the SiPM tracking plane allows for the definition of a large fiducial region in which an excellent energy resolution of 1.82% FWHM at 511 keV has been measured (a value which extrapolates to 0.83% at the xenon Q β β ).

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Section: Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operation and first results of the NEXT-DEMO prototype using a silicon photomultiplier tracking array

et al. 2013

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“…Prior to its introduction in the TPC, a dedicated study of the sensors was done, with a final spread in gain below 4% at room temperature [13]. However, due to the posterior addition of a wavelength shifter coating (TPB) over the SiPMs [14], to make them sensitive to the xenon scintillation light, together with the addition of the electronic read out chain, a regular monitoring of the SiPM response is needed to maintain the spread in gain constant.…”

Section: Tracking Plane Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of NEXT-DEMO using xenon K_αX-rays

Lorca¹,

Martín-Albo²,

Laing³

et al. 2014

J. Inst.

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The NEXT experiment aims to observe the neutrinoless double beta decay of 136 Xe in a high-pressure xenon gas TPC using electroluminescence (EL) to amplify the signal from ionization. Understanding the response of the detector is imperative in achieving a consistent and well understood energy measurement. The abundance of xenon K-shell X-ray emission during data taking has been identified as a multitool for the characterisation of the fundamental parameters of the gas as well as the equalisation of the response of the detector. The NEXT-DEMO prototype is a ∼1.5 kg volume TPC filled with natural xenon. It employs an array of 19 PMTs as an energy plane and of 256 SiPMs as a tracking plane with the TPC light tube and SiPM surfaces being coated with tetraphenyl butadiene (TPB) which acts as a wavelength shifter for the VUV scintillation light produced by xenon. This paper presents the measurement of the properties of the drift of electrons in the TPC, the effects of the EL production region, and the extraction of position dependent correction constants using K α X-ray deposits. These constants were used to equalise the response of the detector to deposits left by gammas from 22 Na.-2 -

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“…Several TPB coatings of different thicknesses (130 nm, 260 nm, 390 nm, 1600 nm) were deposited by vacuum evaporation on quartz substrates, following the protocol described in [6]. Each sample was exposed to controlled VUV light in a dedicated setup, which simulates the exposure conditions in the gaseous Xe electroluminescent TPC, called NEW, used in the NEXT experiment [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ageing studies of TPB in noble gas detectors for dark matter and neutrinoless ββ decay searches

Yahlali

Garcia

Díaz

et al. 2017

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectros

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Noble gases (Xe, Ar, Kr) are very attractive as detector media in Dark Matter search and neutrinoless double-beta decay experiments. However, the detection of their scintillation light (in the VUV spectral region) requires shifting the VUV light to visible light, where standard photosensors are more efficient. Tetraphenyl butadiene (TPB) is widely used as wavelength shifter, absorbing the VUV light and re-emitting in the blue region (~430 nm). TPB is an organic molecule that may degrade due to exposure to environmental agents and also to ultraviolet light. In this work, we present TPB ageing studies due to exposure to VUV light, aiming at quantifying the reduction of the absolute fluorescence yield of TPB coatings of several thicknesses (130 nm, 260 nm, 390 nm, 1600 nm), exposed to various doses of VUV light at 170 nm (similar to the Xe scintillation). In our setup, the VUV light is produced from a vacuum monochromator coupled to a deuterium lamp. The VUV exposure in our setup is compared to the exposure obtained in the electroluminescent gaseous Xe TPC of the NEXT-100 experiment for neutrinoless double-beta decay search.

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SiPMs coated with TPB: coating protocol and characterization for NEXT

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Operation and first results of the NEXT-DEMO prototype using a silicon photomultiplier tracking array

Operation and first results of the NEXT-DEMO prototype using a silicon photomultiplier tracking array

Characterisation of NEXT-DEMO using xenon K_αX-rays

Ageing studies of TPB in noble gas detectors for dark matter and neutrinoless ββ decay searches

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SiPMs coated with TPB: coating protocol and characterization for NEXT

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Operation and first results of the NEXT-DEMO prototype using a silicon photomultiplier tracking array

Operation and first results of the NEXT-DEMO prototype using a silicon photomultiplier tracking array

Characterisation of NEXT-DEMO using xenon KαX-rays

Ageing studies of TPB in noble gas detectors for dark matter and neutrinoless ββ decay searches

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Product

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Characterisation of NEXT-DEMO using xenon K_αX-rays